农村低保和扶贫对象动态管理机制研究  

Research on the Dynamic Management Mechanism for Rural Minimum Living Security and Poverty-relief Object

作　　者：杜毅[1] 肖云[2] 

机构地区：[1]重庆三峡学院公共管理学院,重庆404100 [2]重庆大学公共管理学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《西部论坛》2015年第4期21-30,共10页West Forum

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(14YJC840004);重庆社会科学规划青年项目(2012QNSH022);重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学研究项目(15SKG143)

摘　　要：最低生活保障与扶贫开发是新时期我国农村两项重要的社会救助政策,如何实现贫困对象的动态管理是目前制约两项制度顺利实施的一大难题。对重庆市贫困地区的调研表明,农村贫困对象识别存在偏差,贫困对象分类不够明确,扶持措施缺乏针对性;"福利依赖"和"贫困陷阱"现象突出,受助人口退出难;部门之间缺乏协作与联动,扶贫资源供给分散。应基于贫困对象识别机制、贫困对象分类救助机制、贫困对象自身"造血"机制、动态考核与退出机制和部门联动与资源整合机制构建科学高效的农村低保和扶贫对象动态管理系统,对贫困对象进行科学、规范管理,实现"应保尽保、应扶尽扶、应退尽退"的目标,提高两项制度的运行效率,维护制度的公平性。The minimum living security and poverty-relief development are two important social assistance policies for rural area in new era of China,which play great role in alleviating and eliminating poverty in rural areas.However,how to dynamically manage the targeted poor is a big problem that restricts successful implementation of the two systems. The investigation on poor areas in Chongqing shows that there are some problems such as identification errors of the targeted poor,blurred classification of the targeted poor,unspecific assistance measures,welfare dependence,poverty trap,hard withdrawal for ineligible recipients,a lack of collaboration or linkage,scattered supply of poor-relief resources. In order to achieve scientific and standardized management and a target of＂protect all that should be protected,help all that should be helped,withdraw all that should be withdrawn＂for the targeted poor,and to improve the operation efficiency and maintain the fairness of the two systems,scientific and efficient dynamic management system for rural minimum living security and poverty-relief object should be established based on targeted poor identification mechanism,classified assistance mechanism for the targeted poor,self hematopoiesis mechanism of the targeted poor,dynamic assess and withdrawal mechanism,departments linkage and resource integration mechanism.

关 键 词：农村最低活保障 扶贫开发 贫困对象识别 福利依赖 贫困陷阱 分类救助 救助退出机制 扶贫资源 

分 类 号：F323.89[经济管理—产业经济] D422.7[政治法律—政治学]