不同方法测定紫色土坡耕地入渗性能试验研究  

Experimental Study on Infiltration Capacity on Slope Cropland of Purple Soil with Different Determining Methods

作　　者：莫斌[1] 陈晓燕[1] 雷廷武[2,3] 罗帮林 唐菊[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院/西南大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400716 [2]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京100083 [3]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2015年第3期1-5,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD31B03);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资助项目(XDJK2011C013);西南大学生态学重点学科"211"工程建设经费资助项目

摘　　要：点源入渗法是一种应用数字图像软件计算土壤入渗性能的精密型新方法。为了准确测得紫色土区坡耕地土壤入渗性能,采用3种方法(点源入渗法、双环法和环刀法)对其进行测定。并对不同方法之间的试验结果进行分析和比较,以评价点源入渗法在紫色土区坡耕地土壤入渗测定的应用性。结果表明:点源入渗法与双环法测定土壤入渗过程规律具有一致性,初始入渗速率很大,而后入渗速率迅速减小并趋近于一个稳定值,其中以点源入渗法测定土壤入渗速率在试验过程中表现出的规律性最好;3种方法测得的入渗率随时间变化过程用Kostiakov模型拟合的效果均较好,以双环法的最好,点源入渗法次之,环刀法最差;3种方法测得的入渗性能各项指标(初渗速率、稳渗速率和平均入渗率)有一定差异,除初渗速率外,双环法测得的数值最大;点源入渗法在紫色土坡耕地测定土壤入渗性能试验中有较好的应用性。Point-source infiltration method is a new and precise method to evaluate soil infiltration capacity by using digital image software. In this study, three methods （point-source infiltration method, double-ring method and cutting ring method） were used to determine infiltration capacity on slope cropland in purple soil area. The results obtained through different methods were analyzed and compared for preliminary evaluating the application of point-source infiltration method in studying soil infiltration on slope cropland in purple soil area. The study found that soil infiltration rate showed similar trends in infiltration process when point-source infiltration method and double-ring method were applied, which was high in the initial, then decreased rapidly and finally tended to be stable. In particular, point-source infiltration method provided the best regularity of soil infiltration rate among three infiltration methods. Kostiakov model was used to fit the results of soil infiltration rate obtained by the three methods and the goodness of fit listed in the following order： Double-ring method〉point-source infiltration method 〉 cutting ring method. Differences existed in infiltration capacity parameters （initial infiltration rate, stable infiltration rate and average infiltration rate） when different determining method was used. Except initial infiltration rate, all parameters reached the highest level when double-ring method was applied. Point-source infiltration method showed better application in measuring soil infiltration capacity on slope cropland in purple soil area.

关 键 词：土壤入渗性能 入渗测定方法 紫色土坡耕地 应用性 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]