植被覆盖对砒砂岩地区边坡侵蚀的减流减沙效益  

Effect of Vegetation Coverage on Slope Runoff and Sediment Reduction in Pisha Sandstone Region

作　　者：苏涛[1,2] 张兴昌[1,3] 王仁君[2] 唐美珍[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]曲阜师范大学生命科学学院,山东曲阜273165 [3]中科院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2015年第3期98-101,255,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技基础性工作专项(2014FY210100);中国科学院西部行动计划资助项目(KZCX2-XB3-13);陕西省水保局陕北开发建设和水土流失治理项目;国家自然科学基金项目(31200400);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2013EEQ009);曲阜师范大学校青年基金资助项目(KYC201319);曲阜师范大学实验室开放基金资助项目(sk201409);曲阜师范大学科研启动基金资助项目

摘　　要：为研究植被覆盖对砒砂岩地区自然边坡坡面侵蚀产流产沙规律的影响,阐明植被覆盖的减流减沙效益,在内蒙古鄂尔多斯市准格尔旗的西召沟内选取坡度在10°左右的裸地、草地、柠条、沙棘和油松5种植被覆盖类型的砒砂岩自然边坡,在冲刷流量为200L/h时分别对各植被覆盖边坡进行野外实地放水冲刷试验,对不同植被覆盖类型的砒砂岩自然边坡坡面侵蚀的减流减沙效益进行了研究。结果表明:植被覆盖可明显增加砒砂岩自然边坡水流冲刷的稳定性。不同植被覆盖类型的砒砂岩自然边坡坡面径流强度大小排序为裸地>油松>草地>柠条>沙棘;产沙强度大小排序为裸地>草地>柠条>油松>沙棘。相对于草地、柠条和油松覆盖的坡面,沙棘覆盖的砒砂岩自然边坡减流和减沙效益均最大。In order to study the effect of vegetation coverage on runoff and sediment yield of natural slope m Pisha sandstone region, illustrate the runoff and sediment reduction effect of vegetation coverage, we conducted runoff scouring experiment, in which the scouring flow rate was 200 L/h, on slopes in Pisha sandstone region. The slopes covered by 4 different types of vegetation（grass, korshinskpeashrub, Chinese pine and seabuckthorn） and bare slope were selected. The degree of these slopes were about 10°. The runoff and sediment reduction effect of vegetation coverage was analyzed on slopes with different types of vegetation in Pisha sandstone region. The results showed that vegetation coverage could obviously increase scouring stability of natural slopes in Pisha sandstone region. For slopes with different vegetation coverage, the runoff intensity listed as follows. Bare slope〉Chinese pine slope〉grass slope〉korshinskpeashrub slope〉seabuckthon slope, and the sediment yield intensity followed the order. Bare slope〉grass slope〉korshinskpeashrub slope〉Chinese pine slope〉seabuckthon slope. Compared to grassland, korshinskpeashrub and Chinese pine, seabuckthorn led to more significant reduction in slope runoff and sediment yield in Pisha sandstone region.

关 键 词：砒砂岩 植被覆盖 减流减沙效应 冲刷试验 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]