生物黑炭用量对赣东北双季稻生长和产量的影响  

Effects of Different Biochar Fertilizer Rates on Early and Late Rice Growth and Yield in Northeast Area of Jiangxi province

作　　者：柳开楼 夏桂龙[2] 李亚贞 余跑兰 

机构地区：[1]江西红壤研究所国家红壤改良工程技术研究中心/农业部江西耕地保育科学观测实验站,南昌330046 [2]江西省邓家埠水稻原种场,江西余江335200

出　　处：《中国稻米》2015年第4期91-94,共4页China Rice

基　　金：江西省自然科学基金(20151BAB214008);农业部植物营养与肥料学科群开放基金(201408);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203030)

摘　　要：生物黑炭具有较好的改良土壤和固碳减排作用。为合理评价生物质炭施用对双季稻生产力的影响,于2013年在江西省鹰潭市设置了4个生物黑炭用量的田间试验,分别为对照（不施黑炭）、BC20（20 t/hm^2黑炭）、BC30（30 t/hm^2黑炭）、BC40（40 t/hm^2黑炭）,并分析测定了早晚稻的干物质积累、叶面积指数、根系伤流液和籽粒产量变化。结果表明：施用黑炭显著提高了水稻籽粒产量、干物质积累、叶面积指数和根系伤流量。在20-40 t/hm^2黑炭用量下,早稻和晚稻产量分别比对照增加6.8%-15.3%和1.5%-16.7%,全生育期总的干物质增加了8.1%-23.5%和15.3%-22.7%,齐穗期的叶面积指数增加了47.9%-91.6%和7.6%-23.3%,单茎伤流液增幅分别为15.1%-47.2%和21.2%-65.4%,且产量和生长指标均表现出随黑炭用量增加而逐渐增加的趋势。这说明,在双季稻区,施用生物黑炭可以促进水稻生长和增加早晚稻的籽粒产量。It is known that biochar could improve soil, fix carbon and reduce discharge. A field experiment was conducted in northeast area of Jiangxi province in 2013 to study the effects of different biochar rates, which included four treatments： CK（no biochar）,BC20（20 t/hm^2 biochar）, BC30（30 t/hm^2 biochar）, BC40（40 t/hm^2 biochar）, on early and late rice dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, root bleeding sap and grain yield. The results showed that： biochar application（20-40 t/hm^2） could increase grain yields by 6.8%-15.3% and 1.5%-16.7%, dry matter accumulation by 8.1%-23.5% and 15.3%-22.7%, leaf area index in heading stage by47.9%-91.6% and 7.6%-23.3%, and root bleeding sap by 15.1%-47.2% and 21.2%-65.4% compared with CK. Meanwhile, it showed that the yield and growth indexes were raised gradually with biochar amounts increasing. This indicated that application of biochar could promote rice growth and increase the grain yield in double rice cropping systems.

关 键 词：生物黑炭 水稻 产量 伤流液 

分 类 号：S511.04[农业科学—作物学]