云南白马雪山国家级自然保护区响古箐地区鸟类物种多样性垂直分布格局  

Avian Diversity along the Elevational Gradient of Xiangguqing in Baimaxueshan National Nature Reserve,Yunnan Province

作　　者：夏万才 黎大勇[1,2] 李艳红[1,2] 和鑫明 钟泰 项雷 胡杰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学生命科学学院,四川南充637009 [2]西华师范大学珍稀动植物研究所,四川南充637009 [3]白马雪山自然保护区管理局,云南迪庆674400

出　　处：《四川动物》2015年第4期620-625,共6页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：西华师范大学大学生创新项目(42713059);西华师范大学博士科研启动项目(11B018;12B020)

摘　　要：为了解云南白马雪山响古箐地区鸟类多样性的垂直分布格局,于2013年7月—2014年2月采用样线法对白马雪山国家级自然保护区响古箐地区的鸟类进行了调查。共记录鸟类139种,隶属9目36科,其中国家Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类2种,国家Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类9种。不同生境中栖居的鸟类种数不同,其中云南松林69种、常绿阔叶林78种、针阔混交林123种、寒温性针叶林45种、高山灌丛草甸24种。从鸟类多样性的结果分析可知,中低海拔的云南松林、常绿阔叶林、针阔混交林具有较高的多样性指数,分别为3.762、3.777、3.786;高海拔的高山灌丛草甸鸟类多样性指数最低,为2.871。同时针阔混交林及以下地区,东洋界鸟类比例随海拔的上升而增加,古北界和广布种所占比例随海拔上升而下降;寒温性针叶林以上地区,古北界鸟类比例随海拔的上升而增加,而东洋界与广布种鸟类的比例则下降。综上所述,响古箐地区鸟类多样性随海拔的升高而呈现出单峰分布的特征。To understand the distribution patterns of avian diversity of Xiangguqing area in Baimaxueshan National Nature Reserve,Yunnan province,a field survey was conducted along several transects from July,2013 to February 2014. A total of 139 species of birds were recorded,which belonged to 9 orders and 36 families. Among all,2 species were the class Ⅰnational key protected birds and 9 were class Ⅱ national key protected birds. There were significant differences in bird composition among different habitats： 69 species in Yunnan pine forest,78 in evergreen broad-leaved forest,123 in mixed broadleaf and conifer forest,45 in cold temperate coniferous forest and 24 in alpine bush and meadow. High bird diversity index was observed in Yunnan pine forest（ 3. 762）,evergreen broad-leaved forest（ 3. 777） and mixed broadleaf and conifer forest（ 3. 786）,and these areas were at low and middle elevations. However,low bird diversity index was observed in alpine bush and meadow（ 2. 871） with high elevation. Additionally,under the area of mixed broadleaf and conifer forest,the proportion of Oriental birds was increased and that of the Palearctic and widespread species was decreased along with the rising altitude. Above the cold-warm coniferous forest region,the percentage of the Palearctic birds was increased,whereas the proportions of Oriental and widespread species were decreased with the rising altitude. A hump-shaped distribution of avian diversity was found along the elevational gradient in Xiangguqing.

关 键 词：白马雪山自然保护区 区系 鸟类多样性 垂直分布 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]