地球物理测井岩性解释方法综述  

A review of lithology interpretation methods using geophysical well logs

作　　者：赵显令[1] 王贵文[1,2] 周正龙[1] 王迪[1] 冉冶[1] 孙艳慧[1] 张晓涛[1] 李梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院,北京102249 [2]中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京102249

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2015年第3期1278-1287,共10页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2011ZX05020-008);中石油创新基金(2013D-5006-030)联合资助

摘　　要：测井岩性解释成果是储层参数计算和油气评价的基础,为沉积相划分等地质研究提供了依据.但解释方法不一,涉及的数学方法和计算处理步骤不同,在实际应用中存在优劣差异,前人对此分门别类的论述少.基于此,进行文献调研并将解释方法分为4类:基于测井响应特征的定性解释法、基于测井响应方程的图版求解法、基于测井响应方程的方程组求解法、基于"岩心刻度测井"的统计分析法.系统梳理总结每类解释方法的数理基础、计算处理步骤、适用条件、应用效果影响因素,进行解释方法优劣对比和研究趋势展望,得出如下结论:1)四种解释方法的数理基础分别是正反演理论、平面几何作图、矩阵代数求解、应用统计学等数学方法理论,解释方法实质上是这些数学方法理论在测井岩性解释上的应用,将统计学习理论中涉及的数学方法应用于测井岩性解释是解释方法的研究趋势;2)定性解释法、图版求解法的计算处理受人为因素干扰大、数据处理效率低,方程组求解法、统计分析法更易于实现测井数据的自动、快速处理,数据处理的高效自动化、岩性解释的智能化是其研究趋势;3)从定性解释法到统计分析法,适用的岩性剖面从单矿物岩性地层向多矿物岩性地层过渡,对火成岩等强非均质性复杂岩性地层的适用性和解释能力逐渐增强;4)解释图版、解释模型、解释参数、计算处理中关键表征参数等因素对解释结果影响显著,进行越来越完善的地质分析化验来约束解释结果、优化解释模型和解释参数,是解释方法的研究趋势.The lithology interpretation result using well logs is not only the basis of reservoir parameters calculation and petroleum evaluation, but also an important evidence for geological research, such as dividing sedimentary facies. However, with the multiplicity of logging interpretation methods for lithology identification and evaluation, the diversity of mathematical methods involved and the differences in practical application, predecessor has little discourse about it. Based on this the author makes the literature research and divides the lithology interpretation methods into 4 types.. qualitative interpretation method based on logging response characteristics, diagrammatizing method based on logging response equation, equations solving method based on logging response equation, and statistical method based on ‘ cores calibrating logs’. After the mathematical basis, procedures of calculating and processing, suitable conditions and effect factors in application of each method are systematically expounded one by one, some following conclusions are gain below： ① geometrical drawing method, matrix algebra method and applied statistical method are the mathematical basis of those 3 type quantitative interpretation methods; ②the calculating and processing procedures of qualitative interpretation method and diagrammatizing method are affected deeply by human factors with low efficiency , while the ones of the other two methods are much more easier to realize the automatic and fast data processing; ③from the first interpretation method to the last one, the suitable or interpretation ability for high heterogeneous and complex lithology reservoirs increases gradually;④ interpretation charts chosen, interpretation models, interpretation parameters and key characterization parameters in data processing have dramatic effect on the final lithology interpretation result, but geological analysis data and experience in interpretation contribute to the optimization of those charts, models and parameters.

关 键 词：岩性 测井 解释方法 数理基础 计算处理 适用条件 影响因素 优劣 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]