地球物理技术在页岩储层裂缝研究中的应用  

Application of geophysical techniques in fracture of shale reservoir

作　　者：代鹏[1,2,3] 丁文龙[1,2,3] 何建华[1,2,3] 李昂[1,2,3] 赵冬[1,2,3] 赵威[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学能源学院,北京100083 [2]海相储层演化与油气富集机理教育部重点实验室、中国地质大学,北京100083 [3]页岩气勘查与评价国土资源部重点实验室、中国地质大学,北京100083

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2015年第3期1315-1328,共14页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41372139;41072098);国家科技重大专项专题(2011ZX05018-001-002;2011ZX05009-002-205)联合资助

摘　　要：近年来北美等国外页岩气勘探的巨大成功和我国在南方海相页岩(包括涪陵焦石坝、长宁-威远及昭通等)中获得的重大突破表明,泥页岩裂缝的研究尤为重要.裂缝的发育程度是决定泥页岩气藏品质的重要因素,一般来说,裂缝越发育,气藏的富集程度越高.地球物理方法和技术贯穿于页岩气勘探开发的始终,也是识别泥页岩裂缝的重要手段.在对国内外大量页岩储层测试数据和研究成果全面系统调研和深入分析总结的基础上,总结了常规测井技术识别裂缝的特点以及测井新技术裂缝识别的原理和方法.现今有关泥页岩裂缝识别的地震研究工作主要存在下面三种思路和方法:基于对裂缝敏感的属性直接分析、基于施工过程中的裂缝响应特征分析以及基于学科综合的定量化分析预测和识别裂缝.根据以上思路,全面系统分析了泥页岩裂缝识别的各种地震方法.综合测井和地震的地球物理方法准确确定裂缝产状、裂缝长度及空间展布特征等参数,对寻找页岩气富集"甜点区"有着重要意义.In recent years the great success of shale gas exploration in foreign areas such as North America and the breakthrough of marine black shale is South China （including Jiaoshiba in Fuling district, Changning-Weiyuan and Zhaotong area） indicates： the study of shale fracture is of great significance. The developmental characteristics of fracture are important factors in determining the quality of shale gas reservoirs. Generally speaking, a greater development of fractures indicates a higher enrichment of gas. Geophysical techniques are important methods in identifying shale fractures, which run though exploration and development. By comprehensively analysis and summary many test data and research results of shale reservoirs, the author summarized the characteristics of fracture in conventional logging response and principle and methods of new logging technology to identify fracture. There are three main seismic ideas and methods in identifying fractures nowadays： direct analysis based on sensitive quality of fracture, analysis based on response characteristics of fracture during work and quantitative analysis based on multidisciplinary integration to predict and identify fractures. Based on the thinking above, the author analysis many seismic methods to identify fractures. Synthesize logging and seismic methods to confirm parameters of fractures （including occurrence, length and distribution） are of great significance in identifying desert in shale reservoir.

关 键 词：地球物理 测井 地震 页岩气藏 裂缝 技术 

分 类 号：P313[天文地球—固体地球物理学] P631[天文地球—地球物理学]