低浓度铬接触与噪声共同作用对听力影响  

Effects of occupational exposure to low chromium on the noise-induced hearing loss

作　　者：谭夏优[1] 马炜钰[1] 周浩[1] 肖吕武[1] 吴琳[1] 杜伟佳[1] 刘移民[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]广州市职业病防治院,广东广州510620 [2]中山大学公共卫生学院,广东广州510080

出　　处：《职业卫生与应急救援》2015年第3期169-170,共2页Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:81470146);广州市医药卫生科技重大项目(编号:2012A021017);广州市民生科技重大项目(编号:2014Y2-00067);广州市职业环境与健康效应实验室建设项目(编号:2014SY000020)

摘　　要：目的探讨低浓度铬及其无机化合物与噪声共同作用对听力损失的影响。方法以某汽车制造企业中同时接触低浓度铬与噪声的419名男性员工为接触组,以接触噪声但不接触铬的766名男性员工为对照组,检测工作场所职业病危害因素,结合职业健康检查结果进行分析。结果接触组高频听力损失的检出率为10.73%,对照组为4.31%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=18.221,P<0.05),接触组听力损失发生的相对危险度是对照组2.49倍。结论同时接触低浓度铬和噪声可使听力损失发生的风险增高。Objective To observe the combined adverse effect of simultaneous exposure to both chromium and noises on hearing loss. Methods A total of 419 male workers in an automobile manufacturing enterprise,exposed to both low concentration of chromate and noises at workplaces were studied,compared with 766 male workers exposed to only noises（the reference group）.The occupational hazards at workplaces were analyzed,referring to the results of occupational health examination. Results The incidence of hearing loss was 10.73% in the combined exposed workers,significantly higher than that in reference group（χ2=18.221,P 0.05）.The RR of hearing loss occurrence for combined group was 2.49（P 0.05）. Conclusion Simultaneous exposure to both low concentration of chromium and noises may increase the risk of the hearing loss.

关 键 词：低浓度 铬 噪声 听力损失 联合作用 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]