基于潜在手印的个体识别技术研究发展趋势  

Development Trend of Individual Identification Research Based on Latent Hand Impression

作　　者：姚雪[1] 罗亚平[1] 唐晖[2] 刘莹[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学,北京100038 [2]北京市公安局法医中心,北京100085

出　　处：《中国司法鉴定》2015年第3期84-88,共5页Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences

基　　金：公安部技术研究计划项目(2014JSYJB018)

摘　　要：限于对手接触印痕中物质转移规律的认识程度和检测技术水平,现有处置犯罪现场手接触印痕的方法,忽视了部分有可能成为关键物证的材料,导致犯罪现场关键物证提取率、使用率不高。为了使物证的价值得到充分利用,需要对手接触印痕物质转移特点研究,对手印形态学及遗传学信息进行重新思考和研究,以突破现有技术瓶颈。通过介绍手印中有形物质的接触转移规律特点、常用手印显现方法对转移物质的影响;基于对上述规律及现象认识,面向潜在手印显现及DNA检测,研究技术及方法的有效性,设计最佳技术组合;面向手掌面微生物,研究微生物群落结构特征,探索建立检测技术方法,实现对手接触痕迹的多角度、多层次信息发掘。Limited by our understanding on the substance transferred from the human＇s hand and the capability of detecting techniques, conventional methods of disposing the hand impression at the crime scene ignore partial key materials which could be important physical evidence. The extraction ratio and usage of the important physical evidence from the crime scene is far from satisfaction. The morphological and genetic information of hand impression, based on the study of substance transferred from the hand, need to be reconsidered and investigated in order to break through the existing technical bottlenecks. This paper introduced the transfer law and characteristics of the hand ＇s visible material deposition, the influence on the transferred material by some detecting methods in common use. On this basis, the effectiveness of the detecting techniques and methods were studied, and the best technical combination was designed for latent prints development and DNA detection. Furthermore, targeting the micro biome on the palm, their community structures were analyzed and the corresponding detection techniques were explored. With the methods, the information inside the hand impression will be explored from multi-dimension and multi-level.

关 键 词：手印痕 手印显现方法 DNA检测 手掌微生物 

分 类 号：D919.2[医药卫生—法医学]