稠油低温氧化过程结焦行为实验  

Experimental study on coking behavior of heavy oils in low temperature oxidation process

作　　者：张锐[1] 邓君宇 任韶然 王玉婷 张亮 户昶昊[2] 王中元[2] 程海清[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学石油工程学院,山东青岛266580 [2]中国石油辽河油田分公司,辽宁盘锦124000

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第4期119-125,共7页Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science)

基　　金：长江学者和创新团队计划项目(IRT1086;IRT1294);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2012EEL01);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(14CX02040A)

摘　　要：采用热重(TGA)、差热(DSC)和高温高压反应釜实验,研究稠油在空气和氮气介质中热转化过程及其反应产物,分析稠油油藏注空气过程中低温氧化对稠油结焦反应的影响,考察稠油在不同反应条件下的临界结焦温度。实验结果表明:随着温度升高,稠油在空气介质中的热转化过程经历低温氧化、沉积结焦和高温氧化3个阶段;低温氧化使稠油的临界结焦温度降低,稠油在氮气介质中的临界结焦温度约为400℃,而在空气中经历低温氧化后其临界结焦温度降低至280℃。结合稠油结焦机制分析认为其临界结焦温度降低与低温氧化存在显著热效应及组分变化有关,低温氧化过程导致稠油上述变化降低其胶体结构稳定性,引起相分离,加速沥青质物理聚沉,发生化学共聚生焦。The behaviors of oxidation and coking of heavy oil samples in the presence of air and nitrogen were investigated u- sing different methods, including thermogravimetry analysis （ TGA ） , differential scanning calorimeter （ DSC ） and a high temperature and high pressure reactor. The effect of low-temperature oxidation on the critical coking temperature of heavy oils at different reaction conditions was studied. The experimental results show that low temperature oxidation can reduce the criti- cal coking temperature of heavy oils. The critical coking temperature of the heavy oil studied in the presence of nitrogen is over 400 ℃ but it reduces to 280 ℃ in the presence of air. The reduction of the coking temperature can be attributed to the thermal effect and the formation of oxygenated oil components in the low temperature oxidation process. It is speculated that the stability of the colloidal structure of heavy oil components can be reduced at the oxygenated condition, which can cause phase separation to accelerate the aggregation of complex asphaltene and resin molecules, leading to chemical copolymeriza- tion and coke formation.

关 键 词：稠油 注空气 低温氧化 结焦温度 热重分析 差热分析 

分 类 号：TE624.3[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]