野百合碱诱导的肺动脉高压大鼠心肺组织变化研究  

Pathological Changes of Heart and Lung Tissues in Rats with Pulmonary Hypertension Induced by Monocrotaline

作　　者：杨永超[1] 杨东鹏[1] 杨博[1] 林曦[1] 董文鹏[1] 王晓武[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州军区广州总医院心脏外科,广东广州510010

出　　处：《中国呼吸与危重监护杂志》2015年第4期380-384,共5页Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(编号:81200633)

摘　　要：目的观察野百合碱诱导形成的肺动脉高压大鼠心肺组织的病理改变。方法将24只雄性SD大鼠随机分为2组,实验组腹腔注射野百合碱建立肺动脉高压模型,对照组腹腔注射等量生理盐水。饲养3周,观察记录大鼠一般情况,处死大鼠并测量大鼠平均肺动脉压(m PAP)、右心肥厚指数RV/(LV+S),观察肺血管、心肌细胞形态学改变,测量心肌细胞平均直径(AD)及心肌细胞核密度(MND),计算支气管和肺泡伴行的肺中小动脉中膜平滑肌细胞核密度(SMC)、中膜厚度(PAMT)、肺中小动脉管壁厚度占血管外径的百分比(WT%)以及管壁面积与血管总面积的百分比(WA%)。结果与对照组比较,实验组大鼠随着时间延长一般情况明显变差,m PAP和RV/(LV+S)明显升高(P<0.05);光镜下可见心肌细胞肥大明显,结构紊乱,肺中小动脉管腔狭窄明显,中膜增厚,组织间隙大量炎症细胞浸润,胶原纤维增生且排列杂乱;电镜观察可见中小动脉血管内皮细胞数量增多,细胞核形态不规则,细胞器及胞浆内空泡增多,两组SMC、PAMT、WT%、WA%、AD、MND差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论野百合碱诱导大鼠形成肺动脉高压和右心室重构,其成因可能与大鼠肺血管内皮细胞丛状增生、平滑肌细胞增生、胶原纤维大量增生引起血管腔严重狭窄甚至闭塞,心肌细胞代偿性肥大、增生等变化有关。Objective To observe the pathological changes in heart and lung tissues in rats with pulmonary hypertension induced by monocrotaline. Methods Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly and equally divided into an experimental group and a control group. The rats in the experimental group were intraperitoneally injected with monocrotaline to induce pulmonary hypertension,and the rats in the control group were treated with saline. All rats were fed for 3 weeks,and the general situation were observed.Then the rats were sacrificed for measurement of mean pulmonary artery pressure（ m PAP）,right ventricular hypertrophy index [RV /（ LV ＋ S） ],changes of myocardial cells and lung vascular,calculated density of middle membrane smooth muscle cells（ SMC） in medium / small pulmonary arteries accompanied with bronchi and alveoli,media thickness of pulmonary artery（ PAMT）,the percentage of wall thickness with outer diameter（ WT%）,the percentage of wall area with total area（ WA%）,the average diameter of myocardial cells（ AD）,and myocardial nuclei density（ MND）. Results Compared with the control group,the condition of rats in the experimental group were getting worse obviously. m PAP and RV /（ LV ＋ S） were both increased（ both P 0. 05）. The observation by light microscope revealed that obvious myocardial hypertrophy and structure disturbances,severe luminal stenosis of medium / small pulmonary arteries,medial thickening,infiltration of inflammatory cell in tissue space,proliferation of unorganized collagen fibers in the experimental group. The observation by electronic microscope showed proliferation of endothelial cell with irregular nuclei,increased organelles and vacuoles in the experimental group. The differences in SMC,PAMT,WT%,WA%,AD,and MND were significant between two groups（ all P 0. 05）. Conclusions The monocrotaline can induced pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy. The mechanism may be related to severe stenosis or occlusion of the vessel lumen

关 键 词：野百合碱 肺动脉高压 动物模型 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]