盱眙人工林枯落物及土壤水文效应研究  

Hydrological Effect of Litter and Soil in Planted Forest in Xuyi Country

作　　者：谈正鑫[1] 万福绪[1] 张涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学林学院,南京210000

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2015年第4期184-188,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：江苏省林业三新工程(LYSX[2012]10)

摘　　要：通过对盱眙月亮山5种人工林枯落物和土壤持水性能的研究,发现五种林下枯落物蓄积量为5.12~15.31t/hm^2,最大持水率变化范围为164.09%~250.76%,最大持水量变化范围为8.40~41.18t/hm^2,有效拦蓄量为3.55~28.12t/hm^2,从大到小依次为杨树林〉朴树林〉桃树林〉杨梅林〉墨西哥柏林。不同林地类型林下枯落物持水量、吸水速率与浸水时间的动态变化规律基本相似,枯落物持水量随浸泡时间延长而增长,在水中浸泡24h时,其持水量基本达到最大值,前2h内各林分枯落物层持水作用较强。林下枯落物层持水量与浸泡时间之间的关系式为Q=aln（t）＋b,吸水速率与浸水时间之间的关系式为V=ktn。杨树林地土壤的最大持水量和非毛管持水量均是最大,达到了305.24t/hm^2,305.24t/hm^2,并且杨树林地的渗透性能也是最好的。The litter storage, the water holding capacities and soil hydrological properties in the 5 types of planted forest in Volcanic Hitlyland of Xuyi were examined. The results showed that the litter storage volumes were 5.12~15.31 t/hm^2 , the max water holding percentage ranged from 164.09% to 250.76%, the max water hoolding capacities ranged from 8.40 t/hm^2 to 41.18 t/hm^2 , the effective water-hoolding capaci ties ranged from 3.55 t/hm^2 to 28.12 t/hm^2 , the sequence from high to low level was Populus L forestland〉 Celtis sinensis Pers forestland〉Amygdalus persica L forestland〉Myrica rubra （Lour.） Zucc forestland〉Cupressus lusitanica forestland. The dynamic changes in water holding capacity, water-absorbent rate and time of forest litters under different forest types were basically similar. The water holding capacity of litter increased with extension of water immersion and being immersed in water for 24 hours, the forest litter usually reached its maximum water-holding capacity. The water-holding capacity and absorption speed of the first 2 hours were superior to the rest of time. The relation between the water holing capacity of the litter layer and the immerse time could be described by the equation： Q=aln（t）--b, the relation between the water absorption speed of the litter layer and the immerse time could be described by the equation： V=kt^n. The maximum moisture content and capillary moisture content of Populus L were the highest, with the values of 1 207.30 t/hm^2 and 8.35 mm/min, respectively, and the soil water infiltration rate under Populus L forestlands is the highest.

关 键 词：森林土壤 枯落物 水源涵养 森林水文效应 持水特性 

分 类 号：S718[农业科学—林学]