西部耕地有效灌溉发展及影响因素的省区分异  

Regional Differentiation of the Effective Irrigation Development and Influence Factors of the Cultivated Land in Western China

作　　者：冉清红[1] 岳云华[1,2] 屈波[3] 杨玲[1] 谢德体[4] 

机构地区：[1]成都师范学院史地与旅游系,成都611130 [2]成都理工大学地球科学学院,成都610059 [3]绵阳师范学院资源环境工程学院 [4]西南大学资源环境科学学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2015年第4期241-246,252,共7页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家社会科学基金西部项目(10XJY0021);2014年四川省省属高校科研创新团队(14TD0039);成都师范学院科研启动项目"西部农户耕地保护的经济困境和机制创新研究"

摘　　要：耕地有效灌溉面积是影响西部粮食综合生产能力和国家粮食安全的重要因素。运用曲线估计法研究西部省区1997—2010年有效灌溉面积和有效灌溉程度的发展变化过程、趋势特征和区域分异。结果表明:西部有效灌溉面积比重低、省区差异大、其年变化和增长趋势呈现出不同特点,有效灌溉程度和利用率的省区差异大,机井报废和建设占用对有效面积的影响在加强,生态退耕、工程老化、其他因素的影响力在弱化。增加西部有效灌溉面积绝对数量、消除灌区有效灌溉能力的制约因素是提升耕地综合生产能力的重要途径。The effective irrigation area of cultivated land is the important factor affecting the comprehensive grain production capacity in the western China and the national food security. In order to understand well the effective irrigation management of the cultivated land in the western provinces of China, the curve estimation method was applied to investigate the effective irrigation area and irrigation level process, trend and regional differentiation in provinces of western from 1997 to 2010. The purpose of the curve estimation is to analy the development change of the effective irrigation area and the effective irrigation rate of the cultivated land. The results show that the effective irrigation area of cultivated land was low proportion in the western region of China and the effective irrigation rates of the western provinces were different. The characteristics of the ef- fective irrigation area of cultivated land annual variation and growth trend were different. The regional differ- ences of the effective irrigation level and utilization rate were very significant in different provinces. The con- tribution rate of all kinds of factors affecting the effective irrigation area was not the same. On the one hand, the effects of the abandoned wells and building occupancy of provincial cultivated land were more and more remarka- ble in the western provinces of China in the past years. On the other hand, the ecological restoration, aging engineer- ing and other influence factors became more and more weakening in the provinces of western China.

关 键 词：耕地 有效灌溉 影响因素 空间差异 西部 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济] S274.3[农业科学—农业水土工程]