半干旱区人工封育草地植被生态位研究  

Niche Characteristics of Plants in Artificial Fencing Field of Yanchi County in Semi-arid Area

作　　者：苗静[1] 张克斌[1] 刘建康[1] 刘小丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2015年第4期342-347,共6页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30771764);国家林业局宁夏盐池荒漠化定位监测项目

摘　　要：为研究半干旱区人工封育草地植被生态位特征,将宁夏盐池县柳杨堡封育区采用3种处理方法,即核心区(E)、边缘区(E1)、外围区(E2),运用样线样方结合法沿样线随机布设1m×1m样方,分别调查样方内植物的名称、种类、株数、高度、盖度、生物量等。运用Levins生态位宽度以及Pianka生态位重叠指数,对宁夏盐池县人工封育草地植物生态位宽度及生态位重叠进行研究。结果表明:人工封育区主要优势种为猪毛蒿、黑沙蒿和刺沙蓬,其重要值分别为34.18,21.06,18.95。核心区生态位宽度较大的物种是猪毛蒿和刺沙蓬,其生态位宽度值分别是0.76,0.71;边缘区生态位宽度较大的物种是黑沙蒿和刺沙蓬,其生态位宽度值分别是0.72,0.69;外围区生态位宽度较大的物种是刺沙蓬和黑沙蒿,其生态位宽度值分别为0.73,0.64。对生态位重叠指数的分析表明,核心区、边缘区及外围区最大生态位重叠均出现在生态位宽度较小物种之间。生态位宽度与生态位重叠之间并无明显的正相关关系。In order to study vegetation niche characteristics in artificial fencing field of semi-arid area, three measures were applied in Liuyangbao fencing field in Yanchi County, namely core zone（E）, marginal zone （El）, peripheral zone（Ez） ; 1 m×1 m quadrat was randomly set up in lines for respectively investigating the names of plants, species, numbers, height, coverage, biomass etc. The niche breadth and niche overlapping of plants in artificial fencing field in Yanching County were measured by means of Levins niche breadth index and Pianka niche overlapping index. The results showed that Artemisia scoloaria, Arternisia ordosica, Salsola ruthenica are main dominant species in artificial fencing field; the larger niche breadths in core zone were Arternisia rnorrisonensis and Salsola tragus with 0. 76, 0. 71. The larger niche breadths in marginal zone were Arternisia ordosica and Salsola tragus with 0.72, 0.69 and the larger niche breadths in peripheral zone were Salsola tragus and Arternisia ordosica with 0.73, 0.64. The results of niche overlapping analysis also showed the largest niche overlapping of all zones appeared to the niche with small breadth of plants. In addi- tion, the niche overlapping and niche breadth did not have a positive correlation.

关 键 词：半干旱区 人工封育区 生态位宽度 生态位重叠 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]