五年住院药疹病例回顾性分析  

Five-year retrospective analysis of inpatients with drug eruption

作　　者：王婷婷[1] 王学民 刘彦群[1] 张洢祎 孙丽囡 

机构地区：[1]徐州医学院附属医院皮肤科,徐州221000 [2]上海市皮肤病医院皮肤与化妆品研究室,上海200443

出　　处：《实用药物与临床》2015年第7期846-850,共5页Practical Pharmacy and Clinical Remedies

摘　　要：目的探讨药疹的临床特点、诊断治疗方法及药物种类与药疹类型的关系。方法对我院2009年1月至2014年2月收治的住院药疹患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 510例药疹中Naranjo评分≥5分者共461例,其中男133例,女328例。244例(52.93%)为单一致敏药物,以抗菌药物、中成药、非甾体抗炎药为主;重症药疹61例(13.23%),非重症药疹400例(86.77%),两组在年龄、潜伏期、临床特征及实验室检查方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论发疹型及荨麻疹型最为常见,抗菌药物较易导致发疹型药疹,而生物制剂较易引发荨麻疹型药疹,抗痛风药及抗癫疒间药较易引起重症药疹。对药疹的病因学诊断及预防应提出更高要求。Objective To investigate the clinical features of drug eruption and the relationship between clinical usage of drugs and the type of drug eruption. Methods Retrospective analysis w as carried out on the clinical data of all inpatients suffered from drug eruptions from January 2009 to February 2014. Results In the 510 cases,there w ere461 cases of Naranjo score≥5,133 cases of male,328 cases of female,244 cases（ 52. 93%） w ere caused by one drug,among w hich antibiotics,traditional Chinese medicines and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs w ere in the majority. There w ere 61 cases of severe drug eruption and 400 cases of non-severe. There w ere significant differences in age,the incubation period,clinical features and laboratory results betw een the tw o groups（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The most common drug eruptions are exanthematous eruption and urticaria eruption. Antibiotics are likely to result in exanthematous eruption,and biological agent is easy to cause urticaria eruption,w hile severe type is usually caused by antigout drugs and antiepileptic drugs. The etiological diagnosis of drug eruption and prevention should be put forw ard higher requirements.

关 键 词：药疹 临床分析 药物不良反应 

分 类 号：R758.25[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]