田间条件下棉花变红早衰叶片的光合生理研究  

Research of Photosynthetic Physiology on the Reddening of Cotton Leaves

作　　者：李明仁[1] 张亚黎[1] 张向娟[1] 易小平[1] 罗宏海[1] 张旺锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院/新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2015年第6期1002-1006,共5页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U1203283);兵团博士基金项目(2013BB002)

摘　　要：【目的】研究棉花红叶形成后,叶片不同程度红叶部分的生理指标,揭示棉花叶片变红过程中生理特性的变化机制。【方法】选用新疆北疆棉区种植的陆地棉品种新陆早33号,根据棉花叶片花青素积累的程度,把叶片划分为不同的区域,分为对照(CK)、轻度(1)、中度(2)和重度(3)四个区域,采集不同区域的叶片样品,测定相关生理指标。【结果】自发生红叶早衰到其加重过程中,叶片花青素含量呈上升趋势,叶绿素含量大幅下降,光合放氧速率明显下降,叶片的Fv/Fm显著低于对照,(实际光化学效率)Y(II)和(Δp H和叶黄素调节的热耗散比例)Y(NPQ)均呈明显下降趋势,而(荧光和不依赖光的基础热耗散比例)Y(NO)显著增高。随红叶早衰程度的加剧MDA含量逐渐增高,POD含量逐渐增加,SOD含量先呈增长后降低的趋势。【结论】棉花生育后期叶片变红早衰发生后,光合机构遭到严重破坏,光合能力降低,影响了产量的形成。【Objective】Effects of different reddening degrees of cotton leaves on physiological indicators were studied in this paper to explore the change mechanism of physiological characteristics during the reddening.【Method】In this paper,Xinluzao 33 was taken as test materials. According to the degree of anthocyanin accumulation in cotton leaves,the leaves were divided into four areas,control（ CK）,mild（ 1）,moderate（ 2） and severe（ 3）. Leaves from different regions were collected as samples to measure related physiological parameters.【Result】Results showed that,from the beginning of reddening,that is,from generation to aggravation in cotton leaves,the content of anthocyanin increased and the chlorophyll content decreased greatly. photosynthetic O2 evolution rates,Fv / Fm（ Photochemical quantum efficiency）,Y（ II）（ actual photochemical efficiency） and Y（ NPQ）（ the ratio of Δp H and lutein of heat dissipation） were significantly lower than those of the controlled plants,while Y（ NO）（ the ratio of fluorescence and not relying on the basis of light heat dissipation） increased.With the increasing levels of reddening of cotton leaves,MDA contents and POD activity in leaves increased gradually,while SOD activity decreased after an initial increase. 【Conclusion】After the reddening in latter growing period of cotton,leaf photosynthetic apparatus was severely damaged and the photosynthetic capacity reduced to affect the yield.

关 键 词：棉花 红叶早衰 生理指标 荧光 光合机构 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]