林间套播条件下不同拥土方式对花生生物学性状及产量的影响  

Analysis of Biological Traits and Yield of Peanut Affected by Different Hilling Methods Interplanted with Fruit Trees

作　　者：于伯成[1] 刘恒德[2] 张智猛 李荣莲 肖英[4] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]和田地区农业技术推广中心,新疆和田848000 [3]山东花生研究所,山东青岛266010 [4]新疆农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2015年第6期1007-1013,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：自治区科技厅科技支疆项目"适宜新疆林果业基地林间套种花生品种的引进筛选和栽培技术研究"(201191123)

摘　　要：【目的】近十几年,新疆林果业发展迅速,果林间有60×104余hm2的耕地有待高效利用,研究林间套播条件下不同拥土方式对花生生物学性状及产量的影响,为套种花生栽培措施提供参考。【方法】应用同一花生品种在4种不同果林中套播拥土栽培的数据,使用dps统计分析软件,对花生5个生物学性状和产量进行相关分析和因子分析,探讨各主要生物学性状间的相互关系及产量与这些性状间的关系。【结果】相关分析表明:花生的分枝数与产量关系最为密切,两者之间存在显著或极显著的正相关性,栽培措施的实施应当有利于花生分枝数的增加,以达到提高产量的目的。不同的拥土处理,可以在一定程度上改变研究所涉及性状间的相关关系。因子分析表明:不同的拥土处理,会使花生性状公因子构成及公因子间的关系发生一定的变化,这一变化会导致产量的差异。在两边拥土处理中,公因子构成及公因子间主要性状对产量的协调促进作用更为合理,各生物学性状直接或者间接地共同促进了产量的提高。【结论】果林中套种花生时,栽培措施应当有利于分枝数的增加,以实现高产。两边拥土最优。【Objective】In recent ten years,fruits trees have been developing rapidly in Xinjiang. There is more than six hundred thousand hectares of faming land which needs to be efficiently utilized in the fruit-bearing forest. Cultivation of peanut in the trees might be helpful to the reasonable use of all that land.【Method】Data gotten from the test that the same peanut variety was interplanted with 4 different fruit trees were analyzed by using statistical software DPS. Correlation analysis and factor analysis were conducted to probe into the correlation in 5 biological traits of tested peanut cultivars. Correlation between 5 traits and yield was alsoanalyzed in this paper.【Result】The result of correlation analysis showed that the branch number had a significant positive correlation with the yield. Different hilling methods could change the relationship of the traits involved in this research to some degree. Factor analysis indicated that different hilling methods could change the structure of the common factors and the relationship between different common factors. All those changes make some differences in yield of peanuts by different treatments. In treatment II,the relationship of each biological traits was more reasonable,which could increase the yield of peanut directly or indirectly.【Conclusion】When interplanted with fruit trees,the cultural practices should increase the branch number of peanut plant so that yield could be improved. The results of the tests and data analysis showed that treatment II was the best one in all cultivation measures involved in this field testing.

关 键 词：花生 果林 套种 拥土 性状 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]