结合TRMM数据的区域降水高精度曲面建模研究  

Analysis on High Accuracy Surface Modeling in Regional Rainfall Estimation Combined with TRMM Data

作　　者：张涛[1,2] 李宝林 赵娜[1] 许丽丽[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心,南京210023

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2015年第8期895-901,共7页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家"973"计划项目(2015CB954101;2015CB954103);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAH33B01)

摘　　要：高精度曲面建模方法(High Accuracy Surface Modeling,HASM),从理论上解决了传统方法在插值过程中峰值削平和边界震荡等问题。其模拟精度相对于经典插值方法有很大提高,已成功应用于人口密度、土壤属性,以及气候要素等领域的空间制图。然而,由于地面气象站点数量和分布的限制,使得HASM仅依靠站点数据难以得到高精度的空间降水估计数据,因此,本文以地貌与气候类型复杂多样的我国中西部地区2010年年降水量空间分布模拟为例,采用混合插值法进行HASM区域降水模拟。结果表明,TRMM作为背景场的HASM模拟的年降水量精度,在全局和局部明显优于IDW、Spline和Kriging等经典插值方法的结果,作为背景场的HASM模拟精度,MAE和RMSE分别为125.15 mm和155.80 mm,其他方法最好的模拟结果比其误差值分别高出53.6%和54.5%;其模拟误差在不同子区域都较小;各种方法在平原的精度都高于山区的精度。High Accuracy Surface Modeling（HASM） method has theoretically solved issues of hill peak smoothing and oscillation phenomenon at edges, and its modeling accuracy is much better than the traditional interpolation methods such as Inverse Distance Weighting（IDW）, Spline and Kriging. HASM has been successfully applied to the spatial mapping in multiple fields, such as population density, soil properties and climatic elements,etc. However, as the number and distribution of meteorological rain gauges are limited, getting the accurate precipitation distribution maps based on HASM is still a challenge. Additionally, remote sensing rainfall estimation data, which can provide better spatial information of the precipitation, but without accurate rainfall values, may play an important role. Therefore, in this study, we combine these two data sets together based on HASM model to estimate regional rainfall. Central and western China（25°~35°N, 105°~115°E）, which are featured by extensive high mountains and plains, is chosen as the study area to model the spatial distribution of its total precipitation in 2010. Using satellite rainfall estimation, the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission（TRMM） 3B43 data is chosen as the background field for HASM modeling. Then, we compare its results with respect to the classical methods（including IDW, Spline and Kriging） based（also used as background fields） HASM modeling. Results show that TRMM based HASM method has higher accuracy and its results exhibit a better spatial pattern for precipitation simulation than those from the other methods. The MAE and RMSE of TRMM based HASM simulation results are 125.15 mm and 155.80 mm, respectively. The simulation errors of the best simulation results using the other methods are respectively 53.6% and 54.5% higher than TRMM based HASM simulation results. Besides, its relative error in each sub-region is also smaller than the other methods. In the multiple applications of spatial elements modeling, e.g. meteorological elements m

关 键 词：高精度曲面建模(HASM) TRMM 空间插值 降水 

分 类 号：P412.13[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]