以Span80为乳化剂制备煤油包水乳状液的实验研究  

Preparation of water/kerosene emulsions with Span80 as emulsifier

作　　者：姚志坤[1] 阮达[1] 杨定邦[1] 陈韬[1] 陈晓[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学化学与环境保护工程学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《西南民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第4期417-422,共6页Journal of Southwest Minzu University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(21406183);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2015NYB06);西南民族大学研究生创新型科研项目(CX2014SZ54)

摘　　要：为了制备能够模拟乳状液膜分离过程中使用的模型乳状液,以Span80作为乳化剂利用高速搅拌乳化法制备了含有内水相化合物的煤油包水乳状液.考察了内水相化合物种类及浓度、搅拌转速、搅拌时间、乳化剂浓度、含水率等因素对乳状液的静置沉降稳定性的影响,同时确定了内水相化合物为Na OH时乳状液的相转变点.实验结果表明:以Na OH作为内水相化合物时,最佳乳化条件为:Na OH浓度0.25 mol·L-1,Span80浓度3 g·L-1,含水率45%,搅拌转速14000 rpm,搅拌时间2 min,所得乳状液在2 h内的静置沉降稳定性可达88%以上;控制其他条件不变,当Na OH浓度为0.25 mol·L-1时,相应的其相转变点含水率为55%,而当Na OH浓度为下降到0.02 mol·L-1时,相应的其相转变点含水率变为45%;增加乳化剂浓度,提高搅拌转速,增加搅拌时间,降低Na OH浓度有利于增强乳状液的稳定性.To prepare the model emulsion used in the liquid membrane separation processes, the water/kerosene emulsions con- taining inner water phase compounds were made by high-speed shear method, with Span80 as emulsifier. The effect of the kinds and concentration of inner water phase compounds, stirring rate and time, concentration of emulsifier and water content of the e- mulsion stability were investigated. The emulsion phase transition points were determined with NaOH as inner water phase com- pound. The experiment results indicated that using NaOH as inner water phase compound, a stable emulsion could be prepared with water content of the emulsion 45%, NaOH concentration 0. 25 mol ~ L-1, Span80 concentration 3 g ~ L-1 , stirring rate 14000 rpm, and stirring time 2 minutes,whose stability was above 88% within 2 h. With other conditions unchanged, when the NaOH concentration was 0. 25 mol · L^-1 ,the corresponding phase inversion point of the water content was 55% and when the NaOH concentration was decreased to 0. 02 mol · L^- 1 , the corresponding phase inversion point of water content of the emulsion was 45% ;Increasing the concentration of emulsifier, increasing the stirring speed and stirring time, decreasing the concentration of NaOH were conducive to enhancing the stability of emulsion.

关 键 词：水/油乳状液 SPAN80 稳定性 液膜分离 

分 类 号：O647.2[理学—物理化学]