北运河下游流域典型设施农田非点源污染负荷定量化研究  

Quantification of Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Load From Facility Farmlands Typical of the Down-stream Watershed of the North Canal

作　　者：刘琼琼[1] 邵晓龙[1] 刘红磊[1] 于丹[1] 张彦[1] 李慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市环境保护科学研究院,天津300191

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2015年第4期500-505,共6页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07203-002-004)

摘　　要：为定量研究北运河下游流域设施农业非点源污染负荷情况,选择北辰双街大棚葡萄示范园为研究对象,通过对降雨径流污染负荷模型(SCS模型,USLE模型,吸附态N、P污染负荷模型以及溶解态N、P污染负荷模型)和灌溉污染负荷模型(改进的输出系数法模型)进行研究与修正,对径流和灌溉过程进行模拟分析,估算大棚种植区的污染负荷。结果显示,研究区雨季吸附态N、P输出负荷分别为40.98和1.42 kg·a-1,溶解态N、P输出负荷分别为628.77和4.57 kg·a-1,灌溉期TN、TP、NH4+-N和NO3--N输出负荷分别为182.15、2.56、60.49和62.82kg·a-1。示例验证表明所建模型具有较好的模拟效果,可进一步推广应用。Generally,rainfall-runoff is thought to be the major impetus leading to the export of nonpoint source pollutants.Based on the preliminary studies on loss of pollutants from facility farmlands,rainfall-runoff and irrigation are two major driving factors leading to non-point source pollution from facility farmlands. To quantitatively investigate non-point source pollution load of the facility farmlands in the downstream of the North Canal,the Beichen Shuangjie Greenhouse Grape Demonstration Park was cited as object of the study. Analysis of the models for rainfall-runoff pollution load（ SCS,USLE,adsorbed nitrogen and phosphorus pollution loads and dissolved N and P pollution loads） and the model for irrigation pollution load（ model with modified export coefficient） was done and modification of the models made. Then the modified models were used to simulate and analyze run-off and irrigation processes for assessment of pollution load from the park. Results show that the export load of adsorbed nitrogen and phosphorus from the park reached 40. 98 and 1. 42 kg·a^- 1,respectively,in the rainy season,while the load of dissolved ones was 628. 77 and 4. 57 kg·a^- 1,respectively; the load of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen during the irrigation period was 182. 15,2. 56,60. 49 and 62. 82 kg · a^- 1,respectively. The study demonstrates that the modified models are good in simulation and worth further extrapolating.

关 键 词：北运河下游流域 设施农田 非点源污染负荷 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]