转WYMV-Nib8基因抗黄花叶病小麦花粉漂移研究  

Pollen Flow of Transgenic WYMV-Nib8 Wheat Resistant of Yellow Mosaic Virus

作　　者：石雪[1,2,3] 董姗姗[2,3] 于赐刚[2,3] 陈明[4] 刘燕[2,3] 吴洪生[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学农业资源与环境系,江苏南京210044 [2]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,江苏南京210042 [3]环境保护生物安全重点实验室,江苏南京210042 [4]中国农业科学研究院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2015年第4期522-527,共6页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：转基因重大专项(2014ZX08011-003;2013ZX08011-003;2014ZX08012-005;2013ZX08012-005);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项

摘　　要：随着转基因作物的大规模商业化种植,转基因作物的花粉漂移所引起的生物安全问题倍受关注。以抗小麦黄花叶病毒(WYMV)转基因冬小麦品种N12-1为花粉供体材料,连续2 a在江苏省徐州市转基因作物环境安全实验基地进行可控的农田试验。为了研究风向对转基因小麦花粉漂移的影响,采用同心圆设计,在花粉供体周围8个方向不同距离处检测小麦花粉密度,结果显示8个方向上转基因小麦花粉密度均随与花粉源距离的增加而显著下降,但不同方向小麦花粉密度的衰减速率有显著差异,下风向转基因小麦花粉密度的衰减速率相对较慢。同时,为了研究花粉源大小对转基因小麦花粉漂移的影响,平行设置2块不同面积(100和400 m2)的花粉源,在其下风向检测小麦花粉密度,结果显示花粉源面积增大可以在一定范围内减缓转基因小麦花粉密度的衰减速率。研究结果表明,风向、风速和距离是影响转基因小麦花粉漂移的主要因素。With large-scale extrapolation of commercial cultivation of genetically modified crops,biosafety issues caused by pollen flow from genetically modified plants have become a growing concern the world over. A two-year controlled field experiment was carried out at the transgenic crop environmental safety experiment base in Xuzhou,Jiangsu focusing on pollen flow from transgenic winter wheat N12- 1 containing a NIb8 gene for resistance of wheat yellow mosaic virus（ WYMV）. The base was established and authorized by the National Biosafety Committee of China for growing transgenic wheat for environmental biosafety assessments. To study influence of wind direction on pollen flow from the transgenic wheat,the field experiment was laid out in concentric circles and wheat pollen density monitored in eight directions around the pollen donor at different intervals. Results show that pollen density of transgenic wheat declined dramatically with increasing distance from pollen sources in eight directions,however,the declining rate varied significantly with the direction,and was relatively lower in the lee. Meanwhile,to investigate effect of size of the pollen source on pollen flow,two tracts of pollen source,different in size（ 100 and 400 m^2） were set up in parallel and wheat pollen density was monitored in the lee. Results show that a big size pollen source may have a lower pollen density declining rate within a given range,as compared to a small size one. All the findings indicate that wind direction,wind speed and distance from the pollen source are the major factors affecting pollen flow from the transgenic wheat.

关 键 词：花粉漂移 转基因小麦 转基因逃逸 基因漂移 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]