宿州市护城河沉积物重金属污染程度及来源分析  

Source and Degree of Heavy Metal Pollution in the Sediment of the Moat of Suzhou City,Anhui Province

作　　者：李致春[1,2] 桂和荣[2,3] 陈松[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]宿州学院环境与测绘工程学院,安徽宿州234000 [2]安徽省煤矿勘探工程技术研究中心,安徽宿州234000 [3]宿州学院资源与土木学院,安徽宿州234000

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2015年第4期559-565,共7页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41373095);宿州学院科研平台开放课题(2014YKF06)

摘　　要：在对宿州市护城河沉积物12个采样点重金属含量测试的基础上,运用沉积物富集系数法和内梅罗指数法对该水域沉积物中V、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、As及Pb 7种重金属污染程度进行分析,并运用聚类分析法和因子分析法对重金属来源进行识别。结果表明:Cu和Zn处于较强污染状态,Ni、As和Pb处于中等污染状态,Cr处于轻微至中等污染状态,V处于无污染状态;护城河沉积物12个采样点7种重金属的综合污染程度由大到小依次为H7、H10、H3、H9、H1、H11、H6、H5、H12、H8、H2和H4,其中位于工业区附近的H7点污染程度最高,而位于居民区和护城河汇流处附近的H4点最低;聚类分析将7种重金属分为Ⅰ类(Cu、Zn、As和Pb)、Ⅱ类(Cr和Ni)和Ⅲ类(V),每类元素自身具有相似的地球化学过程;旋转成分矩阵后的因子分析从重金属元素变量中提取出3个主成分(PC1、PC2和PC3),与聚类分析结果相对应,可解释总变量的90.97%。PC1(Cu、Zn、As和Pb)表示交通运输和煤炭工业污染,PC2(Cr和Ni)表示机械制造业,PC3(V)表示自然作用。Based on the measurements of heavy metals in the samples of sediments collected from 12 sampling points along the moat of Suzhou City of Anhui Province,pollution degrees of heavy metals（ V,Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,As and Pb） of the sediments in the moat were analyzed using Nemero index and sediment enrichment factor,and sources of the heavy metals identified using cluster（ Pearson correlation coefficient） and factor analyses. Results show that Cu and Zn was quite high,Ni,As and Pb,moderate,and Cr,low to moderate in pollution degree,while V was nil. In terms of integrated pollution degree of the 7 heavy metals,the 12 sampling sites displayed an order of H7〉 H10 〉H3〉 H9 〉H1〉 H11〉 H6〉 H5 〉H12 〉H8〉 H2〉 H4. Sampling site H7 ranks first in the order because it is quite close to the industrial zone,while Sampling site H4 ends the order because it is located near the juncture of the residential area with the moat. Cluster analysis sorts the pollutions of the 7 heavy metals into Category Ⅰ（ Cu,Zn,As and Pb）,Category Ⅱ（ Cr,Ni） and CategoryⅢ（ V） and the elements in each category are quite similar in geochemical process. Factor analysis of the rotated component matrix extracted 3 principal components（ PC1,PC2 and PC3） out of the heavy metal element variables,which tallied quite nicely with the result of the cluster analysis and were adequate to explain 90. 97% of the total variable. Specifically,PC1（ Cu,Zn,As and Pb） is typical of pollution from the transportation and the coal industry,PC2（ Cr and Ni） of machine manufacturing,and PC3（ V） of natural process.

关 键 词：煤炭型城市 护城河 沉积物 重金属 污染程度 来源 

分 类 号：X820.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]