中国主要入海河流冲淡水扩展特性联合数值模拟研究  

Numerical simulation on the major river plumes in China seas

作　　者：严棋[1] 吴辉[1] 朱建荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室,上海200062

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第4期87-96,共10页Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(2011CB409801);河口海岸学国家重点实验室科研业务费(2013RCDW01)

摘　　要：本研究建立了一个涵盖渤、黄、东和南海的数值模型,综合考虑多种动力因子,模拟研究了中国主要入海河流的冲淡水扩展机制和扩展范围.数值实验结果表明,冲淡水对外海盐度的影响有着明显的地域差异.在渤海区域,虽然淡水汇入量较小,但由于该区域为半封闭海域且水深较浅,冲淡水不易往外部海域扩展,因此使该区域盐度常年低于32psu,表现为低盐状态.同样的,黄海由于自身半封闭的地形,外加上大量长江冲淡水的汇入,也处于低盐状态,盐度常年低于33psu.东海盐度变化主要取决于长江冲淡水扩展的范围,具有显著的季节性变化.北南海区域,在琼州海峡以东,珠江冲淡水控制着外海盐度的变化.由于珠江冲淡水离岸扩散较弱,故该低盐度区常年被50 m等深线所包裹.在琼州海峡以西,红河冲淡水控制着外海盐度变化.A large domain model has been developed to simulate the major river plumes in the China seas,which takes into account the multiple dynamic factors. The results shows that different sea area responses differently to the river plumes. In Bohai Sea,due to its semi-enclosed topography that restricts the water mass exchange with outer area,the sea salinity keeps low,though the received runoffs are generally small. The Yellow Sea is also semi-enclosed,plus a large amount of the Changjiang River freshwater extends into the sea,the salinity there is also low in most times. The salinity in East China Sea varies seasonally along with the extension of the Changjiang River plume. In the Northern South China Sea,the Pearl River plume dominates the sea salinity variation in the east of the Qiongzhou Strait. As the offshore extension of the Pearl River is limited,the low salinity area is smaller than thatin other seas. In the west of the Qiongzhou Strait,the Red River plume controls sea salinity variation.

关 键 词：冲淡水扩展 中国主要河流 海域盐度 数值模拟 

分 类 号：P731.2[天文地球—海洋科学]