辽河流域大型底栖动物耐污值  

Tolerance values of macroinvertebrate taxa in Liao River basin

作　　者：赵瑞[1,2] 高欣[1,2] 丁森[1,2] 张远[1,2] 渠晓东[3] 刘思思[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [2]中国环境科学研究院,流域水生态研究室,北京100012 [3]中国水利水电科学研究院,水环境研究所,北京100038

出　　处：《生态学报》2015年第14期4797-4809,共13页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07501-001-04);中欧环境可持续发展计划(DCI-ASIE/2013/323-261);国家自然科学基金(2010KYYW06);国家自然科学基金(41401066)

摘　　要：大型底栖动物耐污值是构建河流生物评价指标的基础。受自然地理区域影响,同一分类单元的耐污值会出现地域上的差异,因此计算和修订适用于某一研究区域的耐污值是准确评价该区域河流健康状况的前提。目前尚未有针对我国北方河流大型底栖动物耐污值计算和修订的报道,基于2009年春季、秋季和2010年夏季在辽河流域308个样点的大型底栖动物数据,采用Simpson多样性指数的水质分级标准对所有样点的水质等级进行了划分,并利用累积分位数法计算获得了辽河流域大型底栖动物195个分类单元的耐污值;同时参考专家经验和相关文献核定了其余71个分类单元的耐污值。依据耐污值敏感特征划分标准,辽河流域大型底栖动物优势类群以敏感种和一般耐污种为主,两者几乎占到总分类单元数的84%,耐污类群种类较少,仅占16%。其中敏感类群有齿蛉科Corydalidae,襀科Perlidae,原石蛾科Rhyacophilidae,细裳蜉科Leptophlebiidae等;一般耐污类群有纹石蛾科Hydropsychidae,四节蜉科Baetidae,扁蜷螺科Planorbidae等;耐污类群有颤蚓科Tubificidae、石蛭科Erpobdellidae等。Tolerance represents the relative capacity of aquatic organisms to survive and reproduce under different levels of environmental stress. Tolerance values （TVs） of macroinvertebrates are broadly used for calculating metrics applied in bioassessment. Variability among TVs may be related to regional differences in macroinvertebrate sensitivity to pollution; whether the calculations and amendments of TVs are appropriate for one region is the basis for accurate evaluation of river health condition. Two methods, namely, expert opinion and statistical analysis, have been used to derive the TVs of macroinvertebrate taxa. The TVs currently used in bioassessment of northern rivers in China were acquired from relevant literature and expert opinion. The bioassessment results, however, will be more accurate if the TVs are derived from statistical analysis. The objective of the current study was to derive the TVs appropriate for macroinvertebrate taxa in northeastern rivers in China. Macroinvertebrate data from 308 samples were collected in spring and autumn in 2009 and summer in 2010 in the Liao River basin. Using the revised Simpson index, we assigned the water quality into five categories as： ≥10, excellent; ≥ 6, good; ≥ 3, good-fair;≥ 2, fair; and 〈 2, poor. Different scores were marked to different water quality ： excellent, 1 ; good, 2 ; good-fair, 3 ; fair, 4 and poor, 5. Macroinvertebrates were grouped and coded based on abundance at each site ： 〈 1 ind./sample = 0 ; 1-2 ind./sample = 1 ; 3-9 ind./sample = 3 ; and ≥ 10 ind./sample = 10. The average abundance values for each taxon were calculated for each of the five water quality classes. The average abundance values were converted into a cumulative percentile： the 75th percentile value was used for a taxon that had 〉 10 records and the 50^th percentile value was used for a taxon that had 5-10 records. This yielded preliminary tolerance values of 0.0-4.5, which were transformed to final tolerance values on a 0-10 scale. A total of 195 macroi

关 键 词：大型底栖动物 耐污值 辽河流域 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]