典型资源型城市生态承载力评价——以唐山市为例  

Assessment of ecological carrying capacity on the typical resources-based cities: a case study of Tangshan City

作　　者：金悦[1] 陆兆华[1,2] 檀菲菲[1] 张萌[1] 张红玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院,北京100083 [2]山东省黄河三角洲生态环境重点实验室,滨州256603

出　　处：《生态学报》2015年第14期4852-4859,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71673260)

摘　　要：资源型城市生态承载力评价研究的开展对促进资源型城市自然-经济-社会复合生态系统健康可持续发展具有指导意义。以唐山市作为案例城市,基于资源型城市独特的生态系统特点,从生态弹性力、承载媒体的支撑力、承载对象的压力三方面提出对生态承载力进行量化的研究方法,构建了较完整的生态承载力综合评价指标体系,利用主客观相结合的赋权方法,对唐山市生态承载力状况进行评价,探讨了2001—2010年10年间唐山市生态承载力变化趋势。结果表明:唐山市在研究时段内,生态弹性力指数波动强烈,表明生态系统的稳定性较差;承载媒体的支撑力指数逐渐增大,指数由0.111上升至0.898,显示系统的承载指数越来越高;承载对象的压力变化较为复杂,呈现先降后升,近几年又略有下降的趋势;系统的生态承载力整体上呈现波动性上升趋势,综合指数由0.345上升至0.720,说明唐山市生态系统的承载能力不断提高,但资源依赖型发展模式带来的资源短缺、环境污染和生态破坏等问题仍是制约生态承载力进一步提高的主要因素。研究成果客观地反映了唐山市生态承载力状况,对于唐山市未来的发展提出了合理的对策和建议,可为其他地区生态承载力研究提供一定借鉴。The power of human activities in resource-based cities overload its ecological carrying capacity, such as mining, land occupying, and ore smelting supported by resources and environment. The relative research on the development of the cities is a hot topic over the world, the sustainable development of resource-based cities has become one of most prominent issues in China. The ecological carrying capacity reflects the harmony of human and ecosystem, including their interactive and symbiotic relationship, which should be used as an important criterion of region sustainable development. In past, the studies on ecological carrying capacity were largely confined to basin and region scales until the urban complex ecosystem theory was put forward. Thereby it is very inevitable to study the urban ecological carrying capacity and ecoegnlation for its sustainable development. Tangshan, nearly hundred years of mining history, may be one of the fastest developing resourcebased cities in China, as well as one of most prominent representative of the cities which has poignant contradiction of the location： population boom, resources depression and environment deterioration. Based on the regional unique characteristics of Tangshan and the connotation of ecological carrying capacity, a complete evaluation index system of ecological carrying capacity in the city was established from the aspects of resource subsystem, environment subsystem, social subsystem and economic subsystem. After determining the weight of each index by the method integrated subjective and objective factors according to the integrated index system, a quantitative model of ecological carrying capacity from the perspective of ecosystem resilience, support force and stress was proposed and employed in Tangshan during the period 2001-2010. With this comprehensive assessment model, the values of ecological carrying capacity of Tangshan city from 2001 to 2010 were computed and the factors which infected the decade trend of the ecological carrying capacity was an

关 键 词：资源型城市 唐山市 生态承载力 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]