温度对梨树腐烂病菌生长、病斑扩展及产毒素水平的影响  

Influences of temperature on growth,lesion expansion and toxin production of Valsa mali var. pyri

作　　者：史祥鹏 徐柳[1] 刘涛[2] 李保华[1] 梁文星[1] 王彩霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学农学与植物保护学院,山东省植物病虫害综合防控重点实验室,青岛266109 [2]黄岛出入境检验检疫局,山东青岛266555

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2015年第4期544-550,共7页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203034-02);山东省科技攻关计划(2010GNC10918);山东省"泰山学者"建设工程专项

摘　　要：为探明温度对梨树腐烂病菌生长、病斑扩展及产毒素水平的影响,采用常规生物学方法和高效液相色谱法,测定了该病菌强致病力菌株LXS240101在不同温度下的菌丝生长、病斑扩展及产毒素水平。结果表明：菌株LXS240101最适宜的生长温度为25~30℃;在5~35℃范围内,梨树离体枝条接种梨树腐烂病菌后均能发病并导致病斑扩展,25℃时病斑扩展速度最快,面积达4.45cm2,5℃和35℃时病斑扩展速度缓慢,面积不足0.3 cm2。该菌株在梨树树皮培养基中最适宜的产毒素温度为20℃,10~25℃条件下可产生5种毒素,而在其它温度下仅产生3~4种;接种该菌株的梨树离体枝条5℃条件下未检测到间苯三酚和对羟基苯甲酸,且毒素总量最低,其余温度下均可检测到5种毒素,最适宜的产毒素温度为10℃,毒素总量可达224.14μg/g干组织。To understand the influences of temperature on mycelial growth,lesion expansion and toxins production of Valsa mali var. pyri（ Vmp）,the strain LXS240101 was investigated by using conventional biological method and high performance liquid chromatography（ HPLC）. The optimal growth temperature for LXS240101 ranged from 25℃ to 30℃ on PDA or pear and apple bark media. Strain LXS240101 was able to infect pear detached branches with lesion expansion at a temperature range from 5℃ to 35℃.100% incidence was observed under 10℃ to 30℃,and the optimal temperature for lesion expansion was25℃（ 4. 45 cm2 of lesion size）. However,the lesion expansion was slower at 5℃ and 35℃（ less than0. 3 cm2 of lesion sizes）. In pear bark medium,five kinds of toxins were produced by strain LXS240101 from 10℃ to 25℃,while at other temperatures only three to four kinds were detected. The optimal temperature for toxin production was 20℃. In pear detached branches,in contrast,toxin production peaked at 10℃ with a total toxin amount of 224. 14 μg / g dry tissue. Five kinds of toxins were detected under all temperatures except for 5℃,under which phloroglucinol and p-hydroxybenzoic acid were undetected and the total amount of toxins was the lowest.

关 键 词：梨树腐烂病菌 温度 菌丝生长 病斑扩展 毒素 

分 类 号：S436.612.16[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]