儿童血清过敏原与哮喘发生关系的探讨  

Association between serum allergens and asthma in children

作　　者：宋国超[1] 王雪艳[1] 王峥[1] 阮小玲[1] 杨静[1] 朱珠[1] 李霞[1] 刘长山[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学第二医院儿科,天津300211

出　　处：《中国当代儿科杂志》2015年第8期806-810,共5页Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics

摘　　要：目的探讨儿童血清特异性Ig E（s Ig E）过敏原与哮喘发生的关系。方法采用免疫印迹法对2004年12月至2013年4月就诊的2 239例1~14岁单纯哮喘患儿（n=1 415）和非过敏性疾病患儿（n=824）的血清s Ig E过敏原进行检测,分别建立所有样本、不同年龄及不同性别单纯哮喘与非过敏性疾病的病例对照模型,采用多因素logistic回归分析探讨过敏原与哮喘发生的关系。结果 2 239例患儿中,血清s Ig E阳性者1 028例（45.91%）,过敏原阳性率居于前三位的为户尘螨（15.68%）、屋尘（14.29%）和霉菌类（13.40%）。病例对照研究结果显示,户尘螨、霉菌类、屋尘、腰果/花生/黄豆是哮喘发病的危险因素（P〈0.05）;不同年龄组与哮喘发生相关的过敏原有所不同,1岁~组儿童仅屋尘与哮喘的发生有关,户尘螨和屋尘是3~14岁儿童哮喘发生的危险因素,而霉菌类是6~14岁儿童哮喘发生的危险因素（P〈0.05）;户尘螨和屋尘是男、女儿童哮喘发生的危险因素（P〈0.05）,而腰果/花生/黄豆和霉菌类仅是男性儿童哮喘发生的危险因素（P〈0.05）。结论户尘螨、屋尘、霉菌类为哮喘患儿最常见过敏原,且与哮喘发生关系极为密切。Objective To study the association between serum-specific immunoglobulin E（s Ig E） allergens and asthma in children. Methods The serum s Ig E allergens were determined using Western blot in 2 239 children aged 1-14 years, consisting of 1 415 children with asthma alone and 824 children with non-allergic diseases between December 2004 and April 2013. The case-control models of asthma alone and non-allergic diseases were established. The association between allergens and asthma was investigated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results In the 2 239 children, 1 028 children（45.91%） were serum s Ig E-positive, and the allergen with the highest positive rate was house-dust mite（15.68%）, followed by house dust（14.29%） and moulds（13.40%）. The results of the case-control analysis showed that house-dust mite, moulds, house dust, and cashew nut/peanut/soybean were significantly associated with the development of asthma. House dust was associated with the development of asthma in the 1-2 years old group（P0.05）. House dust and house-dust mite as allergens were identified as the risk factors for the development of asthma in the 3-14 years old group（P0.05）. In the 6-14 years old group, moulds as allergens were identified as the risk factors for the development of asthma（P0.05）. House dust and house-dust mite as allergens increased the risk of asthma in boys and girls, while moulds and cashew nuts/peanuts/soybeans as allergens increased the risk of asthma in boys. Conclusions House-dust mite, house dust, and moulds are the most common allergens in children with asthma, and they are closely associated with the development of asthma.

关 键 词：哮喘 特异性IGE 过敏原 儿童 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]