蛋白质和脂肪水平对脊尾白虾生长、非特异性免疫力及抗病力的影响  

Effects of dietary protein and lipid levels on growth,non-specific immunity and disease resistance of Exopalaemon carinicauda

作　　者：索帅[1,2] 李健[2] 李吉涛[2] 陈萍[2] 葛倩倩[2] 孙铭[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学,辽宁大连116023 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中国渔业质量与标准》2015年第4期40-47,共8页Chinese Fishery Quality and Standards

基　　金：863课题(2012AA10A409);国家虾产业技术体系(CARS-47);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103034)

摘　　要：为探讨不同蛋白质和脂肪水平对脊尾白虾生长、存活、血清非特异性免疫及抗白斑综合征病毒（WSSV）能力的影响，采用4×3双因素实验设计（4蛋白水平：35％、39％、43％、47％，即P35、P39、P43、P47；3脂肪水平：5％、7％、9％，即F5、F7、F9），配成12种实验处理的配合饲料，每处理3重复，选用初重为（0．21±0．08）g的脊尾白虾1800尾进行56d的养殖实验。结果显示：（1）相对增重率、特定生长率、饵料系数和成活率显著受蛋白质和脂肪水平影响（P〈0．05），蛋白质水平和脂肪水平之间无明显的交互作用存在（P〉0．05）。其中，P39蛋白质组和F5脂肪组虾的相对增重率较高（P〈0．05），P47蛋白组虾特定生长率显著低于其他蛋白组（P〈0．05）。P39F5处理组虾饵料系数较低（P〈0．05），P39F5、P39F7和P43F5处理组成活率显著高于于其他组（P〈0．05）；（2）饲料蛋白质水平对血清酚氧化酶（PO）、溶菌酶（LZM）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力有显著影响（P〈0．05），饲料脂肪水平对血清SOD和丙二醛（MDA）有显著影响（P〈0．05），蛋白质水平和脂肪水平对血清PO、LZM、SOD和MDA活力均无交互作用存在（P〉0．05）。（3）WSSV病毒攻毒实验表明，饲料蛋白质水平对虾体抗WSSV病毒能力有显著影响（P〈0．05），P39和P43蛋白组48h和72h内累积死亡率显著低于其他蛋白组（P〈0．05）。本实验结果表明，蛋白质水平和脂肪水平分别为39％和5％～7％饲料可以满足脊尾白虾的生长、以及维持机体正常的非特异性免疫功能和抗病力的营养需求。To evaluate the effects of dietary protein and lipid on growth, survival rate, serum non - specific immunity and disease resistance of Exopalaemon carinicauda, a 4× 3 two factors （protein and fat） dietary experiment was conducted on E. Carinicaudaffor 56 d . The trial shrimps with initial body weight （0.21±0.08） g were randomly allocated into 12 groups with triplicated treatments and fed twelve kinds of diets in a factorial design containing four protein levels （ 35% , 39% , 43% and 47% , labeled as P35, P39, P43 and P47, respectively） and three fat levels （ 5%, 7% and 9%, labeled as FS, F7 and [9, respectively）. Results were shown as follow： 1 ） Weight gain （WG） , specific growth rate （SGR） , feed conversion ratio （FCR） and survival rate （SR） were obviously influenced by dietary protein and lipid levels （ P 〈 0.05）. But there were not interaction between dietary protein and lipid for growth performance （P 〉 0.05）. Weight gain of shrimp fed with P39 protein and F5 lipid had markedly higher than that of other groups （P 〈 0.05 ）. Specific growth rate of shrimp fed with P47 protein was significantly lower than that of the protein groups （P 〈 0.05）. Feed conversion rate of P39F5 group had obvious lower than that of the other groups （P 〈 0.05）. P39FS, P39F7 and P43F5 groups＇ survival rate were significantly higher than that of other groups （P 〈 0.05 ）. 2 ） Serum phenoloxidase （ PO）, lysozyme （LZM） and superoxide dismutase （SOD） activities were significantly changed （P 〈 0.05 ） by different dietary protein contents. Serum superoxide dismutasc （SOD） and matondialdehyde （MDA） activities were also evidently affected （P 〈 0.05 ） by different dietary lipid contents. 3 ） Challenge trials results showed that dietary protein contents had significant effects on abilities of the shrimp anti - WSSV infection （p 〈 0.05 ）. Accumulative mortality rates （AMR） of P39 and 1743 groups protein were significa

关 键 词：脊尾白虾 生长 蛋白质 脂肪 非特异性免疫 抗病力 

分 类 号：S963.71[农业科学—水产养殖]