环境因子对国华电厂温排水海域浮游动物群落β多样性的影响  

Effects of environmental factors on β diversity of zooplankton community in thermal discharge seawaters near Guohua Power Plant in Xiangshan Bay,Zhejiang,China

作　　者：朱艺峰[1,2] 戴美霞[1] 周晓红[1] 林霞[1,2] 毛硕乾 严小军[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,浙江宁波315211 [2]宁波大学应用海洋生物技术教育部重点实验室,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2015年第8期2543-2552,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项(201105009-3);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD13B08);浙江省自然科学基金项目(Y5080274;5100369);宁波市自然科学基金项目(2011A610015)资助

摘　　要：对象山港国华电厂温排水海域10个站位的浮游动物进行了季节性采样.通过合并丰度数据、结合现场环境因子,应用广义非相似性模型(GDM)分析了环境因子对浮游动物β多样性的影响.结果表明:共检出95种浮游动物,隶属于14个类群.该海域以小型浮游动物为主(丰度比例占62.6%),成体类群中以桡足类为主(丰度占35.3%).按照Whittaker多样性定义和加性分配,该海域α多样性比例占36.3%,β多样性比例为63.7%.在β多样性比例中,由环境因子引起的β多样性占43.8%,采样点间地理距离对β多样性无影响,未能解释比例占19.9%.据GDM拟合,有9个环境变量对浮游动物β多样性有影响,可解释β多样性比例为68.8%.在这些变量中,依贡献从高到低为季节水温、溶解氧、海域增温、电导率、悬浮颗粒物、盐度、透明度、水深和氧化还原电位,其中,季节水温、溶解氧和海域增温是驱动β多样性变化最重要的环境因子,对可解释β多样性比例的绝对贡献分别占23.9%、13.7%和9.7%.在变量梯度响应中,季节水温低于25℃、溶解氧高于5 mg·L-1、海域增温超过1℃时,β多样性随变量梯度增加而快速增加.其他各预测变量对β多样性影响较小.Zooplankton samples were seasonally collected at 10 stations in thermal discharge seawaters near Guohua Power Plant in Xiangshan Bay. The abundance data from these samples were pooled and further combined with field environmental factors,then generalised dissimilarity modelling（ GDM） was used to explore the effects of environmental factors on β diversity of zooplankton community. The results showed that altogether 95 species of zooplankton belonging to 14 taxa were found. In these taxa,small zooplankton with 62. 6% of abundance was the main taxa,while copepods dominated in adult groups,which abundance accounted for 35. 3%. According to Whittaker＇s definition and additive partition,α diversity accounted for 36. 3% and β diversity 63. 7%. Environmental factors explained 43. 8% of β diversity,and geographical distance between sampling sites had no effect on β diversity. However,there were still 19. 9% of β diversity remained to be explained. After GDM fitting,there were nine environmental variables affecting zooplankton β diversity and explaining 68. 8% of β diversity. The variables contributing to β diversity from high to low were seasonal water temperature,dissolved oxygen,seawater temperature increment,conductivity,suspended particulate matter,salinity,transparency,water depth and redox potential,respectively.Seasonal water temperatur,dissolved oxygen and seawater temperature increment were the most important factors for driving β diversity changes,and accounted for 23. 9%,13. 7% and 9. 7% of absolute contribution to the interpretable portion of the β diversity,respectively. When seasonal water temperature,dissolved oxygen and seawater temperature increment were below 25 ℃,greater than5 mg·L^- 1and over 1 ℃,respectively,β diversity rapidly increased with the increasing variable gradients. Furthermore,other predictors had little effect on β diversity.

关 键 词：温排水 浮游动物 Β多样性 环境因子 广义非相似性模型(GDM) 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]