农产品质量安全的生态观认识  

Discussion on agricultural product quality and safety problem from ecological view

作　　者：肖明[1] 董楠[2] 吕新[3] 

机构地区：[1]青海省农林科学院,西宁810016 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [3]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2015年第8期2571-2580,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：农业部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室(西宁)项目(07B170303201300291);青海省应用基础研究项目(2015-ZJ-709)资助

摘　　要：可持续农业概念提出30多年,世界各地区都有不同的认识.我国类似的概念被称作生态农业,历经几十年的实践,在理论、模式及配套技术上都有了认识总结,但迄今仍然缺乏明确界定的应用指导.欧盟提出的有机农业模式现在被广为接受,但其受益群体和承担的社会责任、生态责任均有一定的局限性.针对以上问题,本文从生态学角度出发,分析了生态失衡弊端对农产品质量安全的负面影响,提出了可持续安全农产品概念.支持该概念的农业生产模式追求两方面的价值,一是拥有一个健康的生态圈环境作为农业产业平台,二是能从这个产业平台可持续地获取安全农产品.围绕该概念的核心价值,设计了生产可持续安全农产品的农业构建模式,同时提出了对不可逆、不可控、难修复的农艺措施在改良之前放弃使用的原则.最后通过与有机农业在承担责任、受益群体、农艺措施选用以及对转基因技术的认识等方面进行对比,反证可持续安全农业模式下生产的农产品在数量安全、质量安全上的先进性.There are many different perspectives about the sustainable agriculture,which had been proposed since the last three decades in the world. While China＇s ecologists and agronomists proposed a similar concept named ‘ecological agriculture＇. Although ecological agriculture in China has achieved substantial progress,including theory,models and supporting technologies nearly several decades of practice and development,its application guidance still is not yet clear. The organic agriculture model proposed by European Union is popular,but it is limited in the beneficiary groups and the social and ecological responsibility. In this context,the article based on an ecological point of view,analyzed the shortcomings of ecological imbalance caused by a single mode of agricultural production and the negative impact on the quality of agricultural products,and discussed the core values of ecological agriculture. On this basis,we put forward the concept of sustainable security of agricultural products. Based on this concept,an agricultural platform was established under the healthy ecosysphere environment,and from this agricultural platform,agricultural products could be safely and sustainably obtained. Around the central value of the concept,we designed the agricultural sustainable and security production model. Finally,we compared the responsibility,benefiting groups,agronomic practices selection and other aspects of sustainable agriculture with organic agriculture,and proved the advancement of sustainable agricultural model in agricultural production quality and safety.

关 键 词：单一种植农业 生态失衡 可持续安全农业 有机农业 

分 类 号：F322[经济管理—产业经济]