硅藻土对聚偏氟乙烯膜的水处理性能影响研究  

EFFECT OF DIATOMITE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF WATER TREATMENT BY PVDF MEMBRANE

作　　者：朱小燕[1,2] 朱志超[1,2] 雷新荣[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学材料与化学学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]中国地质大学教育部纳米矿物材料及应用工程研究中心,湖北武汉430074 [3]中国地质大学(武汉)浙江研究院,浙江临安311305

出　　处：《水处理技术》2015年第8期48-52,共5页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41302032);中国地质大学教育部纳米矿物材料及应用工程研究中心2014开放基金

摘　　要：以硅藻土作为添加剂共混到聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)中,用相转化法制备出一种新型的复合膜,以期得到水通量大且耐污染性能的复合膜。利用XRD和FTIR对膜进行物相与化学基团的分析,利用FESEM扫描电镜观察膜表面与断面的形态结构;通过测试膜的亲水接触角、膜通量、蛋白质截留率、通量恢复率等,研究硅藻土的添加对PVDF复合膜水处理性能的影响。结果表明,复合膜的晶型为β晶型和γ晶型的混合晶型;膜的亲水接触角随着硅藻土添加略有减小,由原膜的80.3°降低到77.4°,亲水性逐渐增强;复合膜的水通量及通量恢复率也随着硅藻土的添加逐渐增大,膜通量由原膜的555 L/(m2·h)增加到硅藻土质量分数为5%时的2 310 L/(m2·h)。Diatomite was added into polyvinylidene fluoride （PVDF） powders to increase the pure water flux and anti-fouling performance, and phase separation inversion method was used to prepare the diatomite/PVDF composite membrane. XRD and FTIR were used to analyze the crystal phase and the chemical constitution of the composite membrane. The surface and cross-sectional morphologies of the membrane were observed by FESEM. The hydrolytic contact angle, membrane flux, protein rejection rate and water flux recovery were measured to figure out the effect of diatomite addition on the properties of PVDF membrane. The results showed that the composite membrane constituted mainly β-crystal and γ-crystal. The hydrolytic contact angle of membrane decreased from 80.3°to 77.4° with the increase of diatomite, but its hydrophilicity enhanced gradually. The increasing contents of diatomite in membranes increased the pure water flux and flux recovery ratio. The pure water flux increased from 555 L/（m2.h） of primary membrane to 2 310 L/（m2· h） with the content of 5% diatomite.

关 键 词：聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF) 硅藻土 相转化法 水处理 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]