广东省的鸟类及考察历程  

A Checklist of the Birds of Guangdong with Notes on Its Ornithological Exploration

作　　者：Richard W.Lewthwaite 邹发生[2] 

机构地区：[1]香港观鸟会 [2]广东省昆虫研究所/华南濒危动物研究所,广东省野生动物保护与利用公共实验室,广州510260

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2015年第4期499-517,共19页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31172067);广东省计划项目(No.2011B031100004)

摘　　要：广东位于中国大陆最南端,北靠南岭山脉、东南面向南海,生态环境多样,鸟类种类丰富,但至今没有广东鸟类的总名录,既给广东鸟类保护与管理带来不便,也使研究者对广东鸟类的详细分布地和发现时间无法了解。本文系统总结与整理了各个时期不同学者在广东境内开展的鸟类调查记录。William Heine于1853年4月在广州获得金斑鸻(Pluvialis fulva)和针尾沙锥(Gallinago stenura)的标本,并由John Cassin于1856报道,开启了采集与记录广东鸟类的序幕。从此以后,Robert Swinhoe于1860至1873年间发表了记录广东沿岸鸟类的一系列论文。之后,John David Digues La Touche和Johannes Streich报道汕头的鸟类,Robert Vaughan和Kenneth Hurlstone Jones报道西江的鸟类,Rufolf Mell报道广东山区的鸟类,以及Pierre Jabouille报道了广东南部湛江的鸟类。到目前为止,全省共有野生鸟类555种,其中25种鸟有1个以上的亚种在广东分布;本文标注了每种鸟第1次报道的参考文献,以供将来的研究者参考与查阅。在这些鸟类中,在广东繁殖的鸟有297种,并且以东洋界的种类最多,达211种,占繁殖鸟类比例的71.0%,古北界和广布种分别有25种和35种,占8.4%和11.8%。广东与广西繁殖鸟类种的相似性高于广东与海南岛繁殖鸟类种的相似性。迁徙鸟类是广东鸟类的主要类群,共有277种,占50.0%,而留鸟仅150种,占27.0%,另有128种鸟(占23.0%)在广东既有迁徙的,也有长年定居于此的。广东是迁徙鸟类重要的越冬地,而且是全球濒危鸟种黑脸琵鹭(Platalea minor)第2个主要越冬地。由于受饮食文化的影响,黄胸鹀(Emberiza aureola)被非法猎捕并且被食用,使其种群数量大大下降,其中,广东地区是受影响较严重的地区。Guangdong is the southernmost province in continental China, bordered to the north by the Nanling mountains and to the south by the South China Sea. As a result of heterogeneous ecological conditions, a diverse avifauna has developed. However, the lack of a modern checklist of birds has hampered wildlife conservation management and scientific research in the province. To redress this situation, we provide a checklist of the birds of Guangdong which follows a modern taxonomy and is based on original bird records from Chinese and foreign publications as well as previously unpublished records. Only species which have been reliably recorded are included. For each species and subspecies, a reference is given to the first record for the province involving a bird or birds of known wild origins. Taxonomic treatment, spelling of scientific names and sequence of species follow the International Ornithologists′ Committee World Bird List（version 4.2）. Chinese bird names are taken from the China Bird Report Checklist of Birds of China（version 3.0）. Seasonality is indicated by the following descriptors： resident, summer visitor, winter visitor, passage migrant, with one descriptor used for the majority of species, and two or more for species whose seasonality is complex（for example, a species which breeds in the interior of the province and occurs on passage or in winter on the coast）. A total of 555 species are listed, comprising 547 of wild origins and 8 of ex-captive origins which may have self-sustaining populations; among the naturally-occurring species are 25 which are represented by more than one subspecies. A total of 297 species are believed to breed either regularly or occasionally in the province, including 26 which are unassigned to realm; of the remainder, 211（71.0%） belong to the Oriental realm, 25（8.4%） to the Palearctic realm, and 35（11.8%） are widely distributed. The composition of breeding species in the province is closer to that of Guangxi than to Hainan Island. Migratory species

关 键 词：鸟类 名录 广东 区系 

分 类 号：Q959.7[生物学—动物学]