上海口岸入境人员肺结核病知识信念行为调查分析  

Investigation on knowledge, attitude and practice in prevention and treatment of tuberculosis in the entry population at Shanghai port

作　　者：周娴[1] 陆晔[1] 王惟信 严刚[1] 潘俊[1] 孟成艳[1] 华羚 方筠[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海国际旅行卫生保健中心,上海200335

出　　处：《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2015年第2期81-86,共6页Chinese Journal of Frontier Health and Quarantine

摘　　要：目的了解上海口岸入境人员肺结核病防治知识信念行为现状,为确定国境口岸肺结核健康教育模式提供科学依据。方法采用现场问卷调查方式,对在上海国际旅行卫生保健中心进行健康评估的境外人员进行调查,统计分析调查结果。结果本次调查回收有效问卷1 425份(其中男性占58.83%,女性占41.17%)。入境人员结核病知识总知晓率为58.84%。来自结核病高负担国家的境外人员在部分知识的知晓率(肺结核传播途径、早期发现病人和治疗病人好处、疑似肺结核患者在中国的最佳就诊医疗机构)和认为肺结核能治愈的信念上明显高于来自非结核病高负担国家的境外人员(P<0.05)。肺结核病知识及信念影响因素分析显示已婚、年收入较高、年龄>35岁者,肺结核病知识及相关信念得分较高(P<0.05)。信念得分和知识得分有关联性,相关系数r=0.261(P<0.05)。结论为了有效地预防和控制肺结核病在入境人群中的流行和传播,必须加强对这一人群肺结核病知识的宣传教育,以年轻人和低收入人群为重点,不能忽略来自非结核高负担国家的外籍人员,采取适合该人群特点的健康教育方式。Objective To investigate the current status of knowledge, attitude and practice towards tuberculosis（TB）among travelers entering Shanghai port, and to provide scientific basis for TB preventive education at frontier ports.Methods The survey was performed by questionnaire among oversea applicants undergoing health evaluation in Shanghai International Travel Healthcare Center. The result was evaluated by statistic analysis. Results 1425 valid questionnaires were collected（male 58.83%, female41.17%）. Total awareness rate of TB among entry personnel was58.84%. Travelers from TB high burden countries significantly outperformed in part of the knowledge（TB transmission, the benefits of early diagnosis and treatment, proper medical facilities in China for suspected patients）and curable beliefs on TB（P 〈0.05）. Investigation about the influence of factors showed a higher score among the married, high-income, and people over 35 years old（P 〈0.05）. The score of attitude was correlated with the score of knowledge, and the correlation coefficient was 0.261（P 〈0.05）. Conclusion Enhancing TB education among travelers entering Shanghai port is necessary for disease prevention and control. The emphasis should be on young people and low-income groups. Meanwhile, travelers from TB low burden countries should not be overlooked and proper methods of education should be considered.

关 键 词：肺结核 知识 信念 行为 入境人员 

分 类 号：R183.3[医药卫生—流行病学]