近15年阿勒泰市向日葵发育期及其光热水资源变化  

Variation of Sunflower Development Stage and Its Light, Heat and Water Resources in Recent 15 Years in Altay

作　　者：李海花[1] 黄阿丽[1] 刘大锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆阿勒泰地区气象局,新疆阿勒泰836500

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第24期111-115,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：中国沙漠气象科学研究基金(sqj2014004)

摘　　要：为了拓展气象服务领域,解决当地主要经济作物向日葵生产中有关农业气象方面的问题。利用阿勒泰国家基准站2000—2014年观测资料,对阿勒泰市向日葵发育期的光热水资源变化,及各发育期日期与≥0℃积温、日照时数和降水量的相关性进行研究。结果表明:全发育期天数的变化呈增加趋势,出苗期、全发育期通过信度(P=0.10)的正相关显著性检验;全发育期的≥0℃积温和日照时数呈线性增加趋势变化,出苗期≥0℃积温、日照时数与年份的相关系数均通过信度(P=0.10)的正相关显著性检验;全发育期的降水量呈弱的线性减少趋势变化。造成这些差异的主要原因可能是各年的气候条件不同,其次是各年份的栽培条件、田间管理(如灌溉、施肥、病虫害防治)等非气象因子的不同所致,各年作物的生长及发育都是气象因子和非气象因子共同作用的结果。The paper aims to expand the weather service effectively, resolve the problems concerning the agro- meteorology in local sunflower production. Meteorological data from 2000 to 2014 in Altay were used to analyze the variations of the light, heat and water resources during the growth period of sunflower, and the correlations between the growth days with the accumulated temperature （≥0℃）, sunshine duration and precipitation were studied. The results showed that the days of full trend, and the test of significance growth （P=0.10） showed that the effect was period had a significantly increasing remarkable in sprouting and full growth period, the accumulated temperature （≥0℃ and sunshine duration in full growth period presented a linear increasing trend. The positive correlation coefficient between the accumulated sunshine duration of years passed significant tests （P=0.10）, the precipitation during temperature （≥0℃） and the growth period showed a weak decreasing trend. These differences could be attributed mainly to the different local climate conditions, secondly to the dissimilarity of non-climatic factors such as cultivating condition and field management （irrigation, fertilization, disease and pest controlling） etc. The growth and development in different regions were formed by the joint influence of both climatic and non-climatic factors.

关 键 词：向日葵 发育期 积温 日照时数 降水量 

分 类 号：S162.3[农业科学—农业气象学]