植物多倍体化中基因组和基因表达的变化  

Changes in Genome and Gene Expression During Plant Polyploidization

作　　者：王涛[1] 陈孟龙[1] 刘玲[1] 宁传丽 蔡斌华[1] 章镇[1] 乔玉山[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095

出　　处：《植物学报》2015年第4期504-515,共12页Chinese Bulletin of Botany

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金(No.CX(12)2014)

摘　　要：多倍体化在植物进化的历史过程中频繁发生,对新物种的形成产生了很大影响。伴随着多倍体化,植物在基因组和基因表达上发生了复杂的变化,包括染色体数目变化、染色体重组、基因沉默、基因的非加性表达和表观遗传等变化。该文对多倍体化引起的这些变化及其相应的机理进行了综述,以期为了解多倍体化中植物新表型的产生机理和在进化中的意义提供参考。Polyploidization frequently occurs in the evolutionary history of plant species and has a significant influence on speciation. Along with polyploidization, plants always show complicated changes in genome and gene expression, in- cluding changes in chromosome number, chromosome recombination, gene silencing and expression, and epigenetic modifications. Here, we reviewed polyploidization-induced changes and related mechanisms to provide references for understanding the generation of novel phenotypes during polyploidization and its implication in plant evolution.

关 键 词：表观遗传 基因表达 基因沉默 多倍体化 

分 类 号：Q943.2[生物学—植物学]