克拉玛依市乙型肝炎患者和社会人群乙型肝炎防治知识调查  

Investigation on knowledge about hepatitis B prevention and control among hepatitis B patients and social group in Karamay City

作　　者：李君梅[1] 黄玉莲[1] 龚玲 郑雪凤 陈园生[4] 

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区克拉玛依市疾病预防控制中心,834000 [2]克拉玛依市克拉玛依区疾病预防控制中心 [3]克拉玛依市白碱滩区疾病预防控制中心 [4]中国疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《职业与健康》2015年第15期2076-2078,共3页Occupation and Health

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科学技术支撑项目(项目编号:201233141)

摘　　要：目的了解乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)患者和对照人群预防乙肝的认识、态度、行为(KAP),分析乙肝病毒(HBV)传播的危险因素,为制定乙肝预防控制策略提供依据。方法采用成组病例对照研究方法,抽取乙肝患者178例,社会人群147人为对照组,进行回顾性问卷调查。结果病例组与对照组对乙肝是传染病的知晓率分别为91.57%和76.87%,对公共场所服务人员能传染乙肝的知晓率分别为19.66%和68.03%,对感染乙肝后危害严重的知晓率分别占87.64%和67.35%,乙肝疫苗可预防乙肝的知晓率分别为88.2%和34.01%,经血传播乙肝知晓率分别为87.64%和78.35%,经检验,病例组和对照组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论乙肝疫苗接种率较低,应加强乙肝患者和社会人群乙肝科普知识的宣传,改变不良的生活习惯和行为,接种乙肝疫苗等综合措施,降低乙肝发病率。[Objective]To understand the knowledge-attitude-practice （KAP） on hepatitis B prevention and control among hepatitis B patients and control group, analyze the risk factors for hepatitis B virus （HBV） transmission, and provide the basis for developing the hepatitis B control strategies.[Methods]By using the case-control study method, 178 hepatitis B patients and 147 social controls were investigated with the retrospective questionnaire survey. [Results]The awareness rate of hepatitis B is a contagious disease in the case group and the control group was 91.57% and 76.87% respectively, the awareness rate of the HBV could infected through the service personnel in public places in two groups was 19.66% and 68.03% respectively, the awareness rate of serious harm of hepatitis B infection in two groups was 87.64% and 67.35% respectively, the awareness rate of vaccine can prevent hepatitis B was 88.2% and 34.01% respectively, while the awareness rate of blood transmission of hepatitis B was 87.64% and 78.35% respectively, and differences were statistically significant （P〈0.05）. [Conclusion]The coverage rate of hepatitis B vaccine is low. It is necessary to strengthen the publicity of knowledge about hepatitis B prevention and control among hepatitis B patients and social group, change their unhealthy habits and behaviors, and improve the coverage rate of hepatitis B vaccine, to reduce the incidence rate of hepatitis B.

关 键 词：乙型病毒性肝炎 传播 危险因素 乙肝疫苗 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]