免耕秸秆覆盖对大豆田土壤含水量的影响  

Effect of No-till Stalk Mulch on Soil Moisture in Soybean Field

作　　者：张敬涛[1] 刘婧琦[1] 赵桂范[1] 盖志佳[1] 蔡丽君[1] 张伟[1] 郭伟[1] 李春华[1] 刘秀芝[1] 郑海燕[1] 孟凡祥[1] 张茂明[1] 李奥翔 李敏[3] 柴丽丽[3] 徐宝臣 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯分院,黑龙江佳木斯154007 [2]巴彦县农业技术推广中心,黑龙江巴彦151800 [3]黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161000 [4]巴彦县种子管理站,黑龙江巴彦151800

出　　处：《农学学报》2015年第8期48-51,共4页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：国际合作项目"窄行大豆免耕关键技术合作研究"(WB13B109)

摘　　要：试验采用微区定位方法，研究免耕栽培条件下不同秸秆覆盖量时大豆田土壤含水量的影响。结果表明：随着秸秆覆盖量的增加，不同生育时期各处理不同土层的土壤含水量变化均呈增加趋势，0％、30％、60％、100％秸秆覆盖免耕处理平均土壤含水量均显著高于常规垄作处理，平均增幅0．99％～3．77％，其中以100％秸秆覆盖处理保水效果最佳；秸秆覆盖后，免耕大豆在前期表层土壤水分富集现象显著，不同秸秆覆盖处理5cm土层土壤含水量在播种至出苗期分别较常规垄作处理增加4．81％～9．43％。因此，秸秆覆盖地表还田应因地而异，干旱区适宜，而低湿易涝区则不适宜应用秸秆覆盖地表还田技术。Micro area locating method was used in this test in order to study the effect of different no-till stalk mulch amounts on soil moisture in soybean field. The results indicated that： the variation of soil moisture in different soil layers during different growth stages increased with the increase of stalk mulch amount, the average soil moisture of 0%, 30%, 60% and 100% stalk mulch amount was higher than that of the conventional ridge culture treatment, and the average increase range was 0.99%-3.77%, the 100% stalk mulch treatment had the best water conservation effect in all the treatments. With stalk mulch, the surface soil of no-till soybean at the early growth stage had significant water enrichment phenomenon. Comparing to the conventional ridge treatment, the soil moisture of 5 cm soil layer increased in different no-till stalk mulch treatments by 4.81%-9.43%. Therefore, the application of stalk mulch returning back to field should be determined by the actual field condition. The stalk mulch returning back to field technology was suitable for the dry area, not suitable for the poorly drained soil.

关 键 词：免耕 秸秆覆盖 大豆 土壤含水量 

分 类 号：S359.1[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]