蚕茧的茧层表面形态和丝胶特性对解舒性状的影响  

Effects of Surface Morphology and Sericin Characters of Silkworm Cocoons on Filament Reelability

作　　者：唐科梦 谢启凡[1] 杨明英[1] 胡彬慧 朱良均[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学应用生物资源研究所,杭州310058

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2015年第4期688-693,共6页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(No.CARS-22)

摘　　要：研究蚕茧外观性状与蚕茧品质性状的关系,对于建立科学、高效的蚕茧质量检验方法具有积极意义。以不同解舒率的蚕茧茧层为材料,采用扫描电子显微镜观察茧层茧丝排列和交叉形态,用全反射红外光谱法测定茧层丝胶蛋白二级结构各构象的含量,检测茧层丝胶的溶失率和热分解性等方法,揭示蚕茧的解舒性状与茧层表面形态特征及茧层丝胶特性之间的关系。结果表明,茧层的茧丝交叉分布密集,丝胶胶着点多和胶着面大,则蚕茧的解舒差;茧层丝胶蛋白的β-折叠构象含量高,则蚕茧的解舒差;茧层丝胶初始溶失率高,有利于茧层茧丝解离,则蚕茧的解舒优;茧层丝胶的热分解温度高,则蚕茧的解舒差。研究结果对通过茧层的表面形态特征和丝胶的特性判断蚕茧解舒性状的优劣,有一定参考价值。Studying the relationship between appearance and quality of silkworm cocoons has positive significance to establish scientific and efficient evaluation methods for silkworm cocoon quality. In order to elucidate the relationship between the reelability,surface morphology and sericin characters of silkworm cocoons,cocoon layers with different reelability percentages were used as material. Cocoon filament arrargement and cross-distribution of cocoon layers was observed under scanning electron microscope,the contents of various secondary structures of sericin were determined by attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy,and the dissolution rate and thermal decomposition characteristics of cocoon shell sericin were detected. The results showed that cocoons with densely cross-distributed filaments and extensively conglutinated sericin had lower reelability; and cocoon layers with sericin containing high β-sheet conformation had low reelability. Meanwhile,high initial dissolution rate of sericin was beneficial for the dissociation of cocoon filaments and led to excellent reelability of cocoon layers. But high thermal decomposition temperature led to poor reelability. The above results provide certain guidance to evaluate cocoon filament reelability based on the surface morphology and sericin characters.

关 键 词：蚕茧质量 解舒 缩皱 丝胶 蛋白质结构 溶解性 热稳定性 

分 类 号：S886[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养] TS143[农业科学—畜牧兽医]