自交选育秀珍菇新菌株“申秀1号”  

Inbreeding and selection of new strain Shenxiu-1 of Pleurotus pulmonarius

作　　者：张俊玲[1,2] 章炉军[1] 李亮[1] 刘建辉[1] 谭琦[1,2] 尚晓冬[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所国家食用菌工程技术研究中心,上海201403 [2]南京农业大学生命科学学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2015年第8期1539-1548,共10页Microbiology China

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目(No.2013BAD16B02);上海种业专项项目(No.沪农科种字(2012)第6号)

摘　　要：【目的】对自交子代群体主要栽培和商品性状进行综合分析,并选育综合性状优良的秀珍菇新菌株。【方法】以秀珍菇商业菌株"3108"为亲本进行自交,综合分析其自交子代群体的菌丝生长速度、产量、菇型、抗杂、抗逆性和栽培周期等性状以选育新菌株,利用ISSR(Inter-sample sequence repeat)鉴定新菌株和亲本菌株之间遗传差异性。【结果】自交子代中,菌丝生长速度和产量分别有19.5%和8.9%的菌株优于亲本;子代群体中菌丝生长速度和子实体产量之间无相关性(R=0.102,P>0.05);37%的菌株栽培周期比亲本短;菇盖平展、厚且不易碎分别占53%、11%,菌柄直径和长度变化幅度分别为5-13 mm和21-75 mm;发生黄枯病,出现萎缩、死菇现象以及畸形分别占23%、19%、5%。【结论】通过对子代群体各性状综合分析,从中选育出生长快、产量高、菇盖厚且不易碎、柄粗长、抗杂和抗逆性强、栽培周期短等优良性状的秀珍菇新菌株"申秀1号",前三潮菇平均单袋产量334 g,生物学效率高达74%,比亲本菌株增产7.1%,且种性稳定。经ISSR鉴定表明,该菌株具有自身特异性。[Objective] Several main cultivated and commercial characteristics of the inbred progenies were comprehensively analyzed to inbred desirable new strain of Pleurotus pulmonarius. [Methods] In this study, we used a commercial strain 3108 of P. pulmonarius as inbreeding parent. The mycelia growth rate, yield, fruit body appearance, anti-hybrid bacteria and stress resistance and cultivation cycle were aggregately analyzed to select new cultivated strains. Inter-simple sequence repeat（ISSR） was used to identify genetic differences between new strain and parent strain. [Results] In the inbred progenies, as for mycelia growth rate and fruit body yield, respectively 19.5% and 8.9% of progenies were apparently better than their parent. However, there was no correlation between mycelia growth rate and yield（R=0.102, P0.05）. The cultivation cycle of 37% progenies strains was shorter than their parent. Pileus of 53% progenies strains were the same flat as their parent, and 11% generations strains were thicker than the parent. Range ability of stipe diameter was 5-13 mm and that of stipe length was 21-75 mm. Yellows incidence, withered or dead fruits and malformation accounted for 23%, 19%, and 5%, respectively. [Conclusion] We selected one new strain of P. pulmonarius named as Shenxiu-1 through comprehensive analysis of progenies strains＇ characteristics. Shenxiu-1 had fast growth rate, high yield, thick pileus, thick and length stipe, strong anti-hybrid bacteria and stress resistance, and were not easy to be cracked. The average yield per bag of Shenxiu-1 was 334 g in the first three flushes, which increased 7.1% than the parent strain, and the biological efficiency was up to 74%. Moreover, the new strain was stably cultivated. ISSR identification showed that Shenxiu-1 had its own specificity.

关 键 词：育种 栽培性状 菌丝生长速度 产量 ISSR 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]