低温异养硝化菌群去除氨氮的动力学  

Ammonium removal kinetics of heterotrophic nitrification bacterial community at low temperatures

作　　者：张多英[1] 李伟光[1] 刘苗[1] 秦雯[1] 黄晓飞[1] 王鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2015年第8期3751-3756,共6页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2014M551250)

摘　　要：将已筛选的5株菌构建异养硝化菌群,研究菌群去除氨氮的动力学,发现菌群对氨氮的去除作用符合Haldane抑制模型,并求得最大去除速率Vmax为44.25 mg/(L·h)、饱和常数Ks为44.96 mg/L、抑制常数Ki为17.88 mg/L。正交实验结果表明,当pH值为8.5、溶解氧浓度为6.12 mg/L、温度为15℃、C/N比为4∶1时,菌群对氨氮的去除效果最好。通过单因素变化,对动力学基本方程进行拟合,得出公式为f(T,pH,DO,C/N)=p1(y1)p2(y2)p3(y3)p4(y4)p5,并求出参数p1=2.08×10-8,p2=0.90,p3=4.80,p4=0.42,p5=0.81。依据单因素得出的模型公式和正交实验结果,利用1st Opt软件进行函数的多元非线性拟合,最终得出异养硝化菌群去除氨氮的动力学模型。应用松花江水测定菌群在不同温度下对氨氮去除速率的实际值,证实本研究建立的动力学模型具有可靠性。Five heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria that could grow at low temperature were mixed as a commu- nity. The ammonium removal kinetics of the bacterial community were studied. The results showed that the am- monium removal characteristics of the bacterial community were in accordance with the Haldane mode. The cal- culation results showed that the maximum removal rate （Vmax） was 44. 25 mg/（L · h）, the saturation constant （Ks） was 44.96 mg/L, and the inhibition constant （Ki） was 17.88 mg/L. The orthogonal test results showed that the ammonium removal rate reached to the maximum when pH was 8.5, dissolved oxygen （DO） was 6. 12 mg/L, temperature was 15℃ and carbon to nitrogen ratio （C/N） was 4： 1. The effects of pH, DO, temperature and C/N on the ammonium removal rate were detected separately. According to the results, the kinetic equation was modified byf （ T, pH, v, C/N） = P1 （Y1） p2 （y2） p3 （y3）p4 （Y4）p5. After calculating, the parameters were as follows ： p1 = 2.08 × 10^-8, P2 = 0. 90, P3 = 4.80, P4 = 0.42, P5 = 0.81. 1 stOpt software was used to perform the multivariate nonlinear fitting analysis and calculate the modified ammonium removal kinetics mode. Songhua Riv- er water was introduced to detect the ammonium removal rate by the bacterial community at different tempera- tures. The results were compared with the data calculated by the modified kinetics mode, which was testified that the kinetics mode in this study was reliable.

关 键 词：低温 氨氮 异养硝化菌群 动力学 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]