采用SCALE计算氟盐冷却高温堆产氚量的一些问题  

Issues in the calculation of the tritium production of the fluoride-salt-cooled high-temperature reactors using SCALE

作　　者：彭超[1,2] 朱兴望 张国庆[1] 何兆忠[1] 乔延波[1] 陈堃[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海应用物理研究所嘉定园区,上海201800 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《核技术》2015年第8期73-81,共9页Nuclear Techniques

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项项目(No.XDA02050100)资助

摘　　要：氟盐冷却高温堆(Fluoride-salt-cooled High-temperature Reactor,FHR)是以熔融的氟盐(2Li F-Be F2,FLi Be)作为冷却剂、TRISO(Tri-structural Isotropic)颗粒为燃料、石墨为慢化剂的热中子反应堆。FLi Be冷却剂中的6Li、7Li、9Be和19F等核素在中子的辐照下产生氚。氚于高温下在金属材料中具有较强的渗透性,可能对操作人员及公众造成放射性危害。氚与F原子结合生成具有强腐蚀性的TF,可能影响结构材料的力学性能和使用寿命。本文采用SCALE5.1和SCALE6(包括6.1、6.1.2和目前最新发布版本6.1.3,后文若无特别说明,SCALE6均指此三个版本)中的TRITON(Transport Rigor Implemented with Time-dependent Operation for Neutronic depletion)模块计算了典型FHR的产氚量。计算结果表明,在Li元素的产氚计算中,SCALE6的TRITON模块由于对Li元素处理不当,给计算结果带来较大差异,影响了计算的正确性。在计算9Be和19F的产氚量时,由于不同版本的SCALE采用不同的反应通道等原因,计算结果也存在差异。综合分析表明,通过SCALE计算FHR产氚量时应当优先采用SCALE6,为修正Li元素处理不当的问题,需使用TRITON中经COUPLE子模块更新整合后的截面库(TRITON默认为ft33f001)来单独运行ORIGEN-S模块。Background： The Fluoride-salt-cooled high-temperature reactor （FHR） is a thermal reactor using molten salt （2LiF-BeF2, FLiBe） as coolant and TRISO （Tri-structural Isotropic） as fuel and graphite as moderator. Isotopes, such as 6Li, 7Li, 9Be and 19F in the FLiBe coolant, generate tritium under the neutron irradiation. Tritium can easily permeate through metal at high temperature and may be a radiation source to the workers and public. Tritium can also react with F and create TF, which is highly corrosive and may cause damage to the structural materials. Purpose： We used different versions of SCALE to calculate the tritium production of a typical FHR and analyzed the difference among the computational results. Methods： We have created 3D models using the same FHR design parameters in SCALE. Results： The results show that in the calculation of tritium production from lithium, the TRITON （Transport Rigor Implemented with Time-dependent Operation for Neutronic depletion） module of SCALE6 handles the lithium element incorrectly and introduces significant differences compared with the previous versions of SCALE. When we calculate the tritium production from 9Be and 19F, different versions of SCALE give different results because the reactions are defined differently. Conclusion： Our analyses show that when SCALE is used to calculate the tritium production of the FHR, SCALE6 is the preferred version. However, the temporary file, ft33f001, created by TRITON as the cross section library, and ORIGEN-S can be used to calculate the tritium production in order to correct the mishandling of lithium element in SCALE6.

关 键 词：氟盐冷却高温堆 熔融的氟盐 氚 SCALE TRITON 

分 类 号：TL364[核科学技术—核技术及应用]