水稻幼穗形态发生与维管束生长变化的研究  

Study on Morphogenesis of Young Panicles and Growth Change of Vascular Bundle in Rice

作　　者：付娟[1] 李霞[1] 丁君辉[1] 唐启源[2] 王若仲[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院植物激素与生长发育湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2015年第8期25-29,35,共6页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303002);湖南省自然科学杰出青年基金项目(09JJ1004);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(13C391)

摘　　要：通过体视显微镜及石蜡切片观察,研究了水稻幼穗分化过程中生长锥的形态以及维管束的生长变化。结果表明:水稻生长锥在幼穗分化第一期出现苞原基的分化,在第二期出现枝梗原基的分化,在第三期可见明显白色苞毛和颖花的发育,在第四期枝梗和颖花原基显著生长;在小穗发育过程中先后在枝梗末端分化出护颖原基、内外颖原基和雌雄蕊原基,在第四期花药中可见次级造孢细胞。发现在幼穗分化过程中幼穗主轴的维管束数目往上递减,穗茎节部位的大维管束能通过分离和合并来调节生长;在穗茎节出现的一种纤维状组织能够限制维管束的生长。Through observing the paraffin sections under stereoscopic microscope, we studied the morphology of shoot apical meristem （SAM） in the course of young panicle differentiation as well as the growth changes of vascular bundles in rice. The results indicated that： in rice SAM, the differentiation of bract primordium appeared at the first stage of young panicle differentiation, the differentiation of branch primordium appeared at the second stage, the development of white bract hairs and glumous flowers was obvious at the third stage, and branch primordium and floret primordium grew observably at the fourth stage. In the process of spikelet development, glume primordium, inner glume primordium, outer glume primordium, pistils primordium and stamens primordium successively differentiated out from the end of branches, and the secondary sporogenous ceils could be seen in the anthers in phase IV. We found that ： during the differentiation of young panicles, the number of vascular bundles became less in the higher position of the main branch of young panicles, the big vascular bundles in the neck-node of panicles could adjust their growth by segregation and recombination; a fibrous tissue in the neck-node of panicles could restrict the growth of vascular bundles.

关 键 词：水稻 生长锥 幼穗 维管束 形态 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学]