2005～2013年濮阳市输入性疟疾疫情分析及防控措施探讨  

Analysis and discussion on prevention and control measures of imported malaria in Puyang City from 2005 to 2013

作　　者：梁桂华[1] 谢为民[1] 焦雪成[1] 王兰珍[1] 许银怀[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南省濮阳市疾病预防控制中心,河南濮阳457000

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2015年第23期129-133,共5页China Medical Herald

摘　　要：目的分析濮阳市2005-2013年间86例输入性疟疾现况及流行病学特征并探讨其防控措施,为提高疟疾防控能力提供依据。方法收集濮阳市疟疾病例流行病学个案调查表、疟疾病例调查报告、疫点处置、市及各县区血检登记表、医院有关的病例资料等,对其进行统计分析。结果 2010年以来,濮阳市报告疟疾病例呈逐年上升趋势;本次研究的86例国外输入性疟疾病例报告病种齐全,4种类型均有;输入地广泛,涉及17个国家,以非洲国家为主（占80.23%）;病例国外居住时间10-750 d不等,期间发病在5次以下者最多,占54.65%;回国时间多集中在麦收前、秋收前、春节前三个高峰,占总回国人员数的77.91%;濮阳县报告病例最多,占54.65%;患者中96.51%为20-〈50岁青壮年;民工69例,占80.23%;回国至发病的时间间隔中位数为9 d,其中,89.83%（53/59）的恶性疟患者在回国后30 d内发病,其他型疟疾回国后30 d内发病者占81.48%（22/27）;共调查同行者56例,主动侦查1643例,有发热者20例,在同行者中查出疟疾6例,主动侦查人员中未查出患者。患者自发病至确诊的时间间隔中位数为4.67 d;86例疟疾患者中,重型44例,其中高热者最多,占17例,高热伴昏迷者12例,死亡者1例。结论境外输入性疟疾自2010年加强监测以来逐年增多,疟疾防控形势仍然严峻,需进一步加强多部门协作,针对高危人群建立协查主动筛查机制;强化业务培训,提高县级医疗和疾控部门诊治能力,避免死亡病例发生和继发性传播风险,以确保消除疟疾目标的实现。Objective To analyze the current status and epidemiological characteristics of 86 cases of imported malaria in Puyang City from 2005 to 2013, discuss the prevention and control measures, and provide the basis for improving ability of malaria prevention and control. Methods Epidemiological case questionnaires, investigation reports and the disposal of foci of malaria cases reported in Puyang were collected and analyzed, and also the blood test registration forms of cities and counties, hospital related cases. Results Since 2010, the number of malaria reported in Puyang increased every year; the species of 86 cases in this study were complete, and four types were involved. Input regions were widely involving 17 countries, mainly African countries（representing 80.23%）; the foreign residence time of cases ranged from 10 to 750 days, during the period up to 5 times or less, accounting for 54.65%; returning time mostly focused on before the wheat harvest, autumn harvest and the Spring Festival, which occupied 77.91% of the total number of returnees; reported cases of Puyang County were the most, accounting for 54.65%; 96.51% of patients were young adults aged from 20 to〈 50 years old; there were 69 migrant workers cases which accounting for 80.23%; the interval median of onset time was 9 days later after returning, in which 89.83%（53/59） of falciparum malaria patients and81.48%（22/27） of other types of malaria patients got sick within 30 days after returning to homeland. Among 56 counterparts and 1643 persons actively investigated, there were 20 persons having fever, 6 malaria cases found among counterparts, and none patients found among the actively investigators. From the onset to confirmed, the interval median of days was 4.67; there were 44 cases of severe malaria among 86 cases of malaria patients, of which 17 cases of patients with high fever, 12 cases with high fever coma, and 1 case death. Conclusion Since surveillance of malaria strengthened from 2010, the number of overseas imported malaria has

关 键 词：输入性疟疾 疫情分析 防控措施 

分 类 号：R254.5[医药卫生—中医内科学]