人力资本影响农民工非农职业选择的代际差异  

Analysis of Human Capital on Intergenerational Differences in Off-farm Occupation Selection of Rural Labor

作　　者：王刚[1] 周慧颖[1] 蒋月亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学经济管理学院,北京100083

出　　处：《农业经济与管理》2015年第4期51-58,共8页Agricultural Economics and Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71403023)

摘　　要：人力资本是影响农民工非农就业职业选择的一个重要因素,教育程度、技能培训、健康等影响第一代和新生代农民工非农就业的职业选择。以2012年北京林业大学在甘肃省调查数据为基础,使用多元Logit回归模型对甘肃省两代农民工非农职业选择的人力资本影响因素进行实证分析。结果表明,农民工非农就业层次和质量整体偏低,多为被雇佣方式且集中分布于低端职位,从事的多为对文化素质和知识技能要求不高的工作。新老两代农民工在非农职业的选择上呈现差异,第一代农民工大多选择从事初级职业,而新生代农民工在非农职业的选择分布上更加均衡,非农就业的质量明显高于第一代。人力资本对农民工非农职业选择有重要作用,教育是最主要的影响因素。性别、婚姻状况、教育年限、健康状况、培训、职业资格证书、就业地区等因素显著影响农民工非农职业选择;受教育年限和职业资格证书影响农民工非农职业选择的代际差异不明显,而健康状况和是否参加过培训对两代农民工非农职业选择的影响存在显著差异。Human capital is one of most important factors which can influence the off-farm occupations selection of rural labor, the education years, skill training, work experience and health and some other factors can affect the occupation decision of off-farm employment in different levels. Using multivariate logistic regression model to analyze the influence of human capital to off-farm vocational selection between two generations of migrant workers based on the survey data of Beijing Forestry University in 2012 in Gansu Province. The results showed that rural non-farm employment level and quality of the labor force was low, mostly were hired way and engaged in the career for the cultural quality of professional knowledge and skill was not high. The new and the old generations of rural labor rendering differences in off-farm occupation selection. The first generation of the rural labor force mainly engaged in primary career. However, the new generation of rural labor force in off-farm occupation selection on a more balanced distribution, the quality payrolls was significantly higher than the first generation. Human capital had a very important role for the off-farm occupation selection of rural labor, education was one of the most important factors. The gender, marital status, education, health, training and professional qualification certificate, employment region significantly affected the off-farm vocational selection of rural migrant workers. There were no significant intergenerational differences of human capital on off-farm occupation selection between two generations in education and professional qualification certificates, but the intergenerational differences in health and training were very different.

关 键 词：人力资本 非农职业选择 代际差异 Mlogit 

分 类 号：F323.6[经济管理—产业经济]