升温重结晶过程中硫酸钙晶须的形貌控制及其生长机理  

Morphology Control and Growth Mechanism of Calcium Sulfate Whisker from Recrystallization Induced by Temperature Elevation

作　　者：丁润梅[1,2] 杨柳春[1,2] 黄妍[1,2] 张俊丰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学环境科学与工程系,湘潭411105 [2]湖南省高校重金属污染控制重点实验室,湘潭411105

出　　处：《人工晶体学报》2015年第7期1922-1928,共7页Journal of Synthetic Crystals

基　　金：浙江省工业锅炉炉窑烟气污染控制工程技术研究中心开放基金课题;湖南省科技计划项目(2013FJ3034)

摘　　要：利用升温重结晶过程制备硫酸钙晶须,考察了溶液p H值、升温区间、振荡速率等操作条件对晶须生成及形貌的影响,并初步探索了十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)、十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、聚乙二醇(PEG6000)和乙二胺(EDA)四种表面活性剂对晶须形貌的影响。结果表明:在升温重结晶反应体系中,各操作条件均可对晶须产物的形貌和尺寸产生影响,但p H和升温区间的影响最大;SDS会显著抑制晶核形成,质量浓度为7 g/L时生成的产物形貌为均一棒状,结晶度较高。硫酸钙晶须主要以层状形貌结构生长,少部分晶须呈现类似多晶和外延生长的形貌。Calcium sulfate whisker was prepared by recrystallization process during temperature elevation, and the effects of operation parameters such as the solution pH, temperature range, and oscillation rate on the growth characteristic of whisker were investigated. Moreover, the effects of cetyl rimethyl ammonium bromide （CTAB）, sodium dodecyl sulfate （SDS）, polyethylene glycol （PEG6000）, and ethylene diamine （EDA） as additives on whisker morphology were preliminarily explored. The results show that the growth and morphology of calcium sulfate whisker can be affected in the heating reaction system by all the operation parameters and additives, among which, the solution pH and temperature show the most obvious effects, and SDS distinctively retards the nucleation process. With 7 g/L SDS in presence, uniform and rod-like crystals with high crystallinity can be obtained. While most calcium sulfate whiskers grow with morphology of lamellar structure, some whiskers exhibit morphologies similar to polycrystal and epitaxial growth.

关 键 词：重结晶 硫酸钙晶须 形貌 

分 类 号：O78[理学—晶体学]