不同制冷工质在分配器中的分配特性分析及结构优化设计  

Analysis of Distribution Characteristics and Design of Structure Optimization of Distributor for Different Refrigerants

作　　者：高扬[1] 翁晓敏[1] 丁国良[1] 胡海涛[1] 宋吉[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学制冷与低温研究所,上海200240 [2]国际铜业协会,上海200020

出　　处：《制冷技术》2015年第3期28-33,共6页Chinese Journal of Refrigeration Technology

摘　　要：本文采用CFD仿真研究了R22、R410A、R32、R290四种制冷剂下分配器特性在不同安装角度工况下的变化规律。研究结果表明,对气液相密度比大的制冷剂工质(R32、R410A),在垂直安装条件下,插孔式分配器分配效果最好;在倾斜安装条件下,圆锥式分配器分配效果最好。对气液相密度比小的制冷剂工质(R22、R290),圆锥式分配器分配效果均为最好。结合理论分析和分配器特性的变化规律,提出实际安装条件下适用于四种制冷剂的分配器结构的通用优化设计方案,并与改进前分配器性能进行对比验证。对比结果表明,改进后的分配器结构能够改善分配器的分配性能。The flow distribution characteristics of four types of refrigerants （R22, R410A, R32, R290） in distributors under the conditions of different angles were investigated by CFD simulation. The research result shows that, for the refrigerant which has a bigger density ratio of vapor and liquid （R32, R410A）, jack-type distributor is proved to have a best distribution performance under the condition of vertical installation, while cone-type distributor is proved to have a best distribution performance under the condition of inclined installation. For the refrigerant which has a smaller density ratio of vapor and liquid （R22, R290）, cone-type distributor becomes the best one. According to the theoretical analysis and flow distribution characteristics, the structure optimization of distributor for these four refrigerants was proposed and verified by comparing the performance of the optimized distributor with the original one. The result shows that the optimized structure of the distributor can improve distribution performance.

关 键 词：分配器 两相流 CFD仿真 结构优化 分配性能 

分 类 号：TB64[一般工业技术—制冷工程]