油茶果实形态学性状、生理特性与炭疽病的关系  

Relationship between morphological characteristics,physiological characteristics and Colltotrichum gloeosporioides of Camellia oleifera fruit

作　　者：沈雅飞[1] 段文军[1] 曹志华[2] 胡娟娟[3] 吴炜[3] 汪玲[4] 束庆龙[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院,北京100091 [2]安徽省林业科学研究院,安徽合肥230036 [3]安徽农业大学林学与园林学院,安徽合肥230036 [4]宿州学院特色种植业苗种生产工程技术研究中心,安徽宿州234000

出　　处：《福建农林大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第4期373-378,共6页Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：安徽农业大学“大别山区农林特色产业协同创新中心”项目;宿州学院特色种植业苗种生产工程技术研究中心开放课题(2013YKF10)

摘　　要：于油茶炭疽病发生盛期,在没有进行任何防治的油茶纯林中,选取每个果实类型的植株20棵,在每样株树冠外围中上部,从东、南、西、北4个方向分别抽查果实25个,统计病果数,计算其发病率,并采集每样株未感病的果实30个,测定其形态学性状和生理生化指标,研究油茶果实形态学性状和生理特性与炭疽病发病率的关系.结果表明:(1)发病率与果实颜色和p H呈显著正相关(相关系数分别为0.7056和0.0170),与相对电导率呈极显著正相关(相关系数为0.8370),与花青素含量和苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性呈负相关,且达到极显著水平(相关系数分别为-0.0764和-0.6466).(2)果实颜色、相对电导率、PAL活性、p H和花青素含量对发病率的贡献值较大,对发病率的决定系数分别为0.2821、0.9730、0.4181、0.3670和0.0584.油茶抗病性较稳定的果实形态学特征是:较大(果径为34.44-40.52 mm)的紫红球、栗红球和纯青球;果皮生理特性是:较小的相对电导率和p H,较高的PAL活性和花青素含量.Different fruit type of Camellia oleifera in the blooming period of anthracnose were chosen as experimental materials in the absence of any prevention C. oleifera pure forest. 20 plants of each C. oleifera fruit type were selected, and 30 fruits which had no sus- ceptible of each C.oleifera in the middle of outer canopy were picked off, in addition 25 fruits were checked in four comers and their incidence were investigated. Moreover, the main morphological characteristics and physiological, biochemical indexes of fruit coat were determined. Results showed that the disease incidence with the fruit color, pH value ware significantly positively correlated with correlation coeffciant 0.017 and 0.7056, while conductivity was extremely significantly positively correlated with correlation coeff- cient 0.8370. At the same time, the phenylalanin ammonia-lyase （PAL） activity and anthocyanin content were extremely negatively correlated with correlation coefficient -0.0764 and -0.6466. Fruit color, conductivity, PAL activity and anthocyanin content made obvious contribution to disease incidence with determination coefficients of 0.2821, 0.9730, 0.4181, 0.3670 and 0.0584. In all, the more stable characteristics to anthracnose resistance was spherical with magenta, pure cyan, chestnut red in the range of 34.44 mm -40.52 mm in fruit diameter. The physiological and biochemical characteristics were smaller conductivity and pH value, higher PAL activity and anthocyanin content.

关 键 词：油茶果实 炭疽病 形态学性状 生理特性 相关性分析 通径分析 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]