滴灌条件下水肥耦合对番茄光合、产量和干物质分配的影响  

Effect of Water and Fertilizer Coupling on Photosynthesis,Production and Dry Matter Distribution of Tomato under Drip Irrigation

作　　者：黄红荣 李建明[1] 张军[1] 张中典[1] 杜清洁 范洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2015年第7期6-12,共7页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD29B01);国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD14B06)

摘　　要：为达到高产高效和节水节肥的目的,研究了滴灌条件下水肥耦合对番茄光合、产量、水分利用效率和干物质累积和分配的影响,从而确定最佳的水肥组合。结果表明,水分对番茄的光合特性影响大于肥料的影响;相比沟灌,滴灌处理番茄的营养生长期无明显优势,但是在后期增产效果和保水性能均优于沟灌。根的干物质在整个生育期变化不大,肥料对干物质的累积和转运影响大于水分,茎对果实的干物质贡献率大于叶。灌溉量以2 520m3/hm2,施肥量以N 1 170kg/hm2+P2O5690kg/hm2+K2O 1 650kg/hm2组合时,产量最高,为1.31×105 kg/hm2,此时水分利用效率为51.98kg/m3,分别比沟灌提高13.34%和122.42%。Aimed at high production, high efficiency and water saving, effects of water and fertilizer cou- pling on photosynthesis, production and water use efficiency, dry matter accumulation and distribution of tomato under drip irrigation were studied to determine the best combination of water and fertilizer. The re- sults showed that water had greater effect on photosynthetic characteristics of tomatoes than fertilizer; compared with furrow irrigation, there was no obvious advantage at the former stage, but the production and water retention of drip irrigation treatment were better at the later stage. Root dry matter in the whole growth period changed a little, and fertilizer had a greater effect on dry matter accumulation and transpor- tation than water, the contribution to the fruit dry matter of stem was greater than that of leaf. In the combination of irrigation with 2 520 m3/hm2 and fertilization with N 1 170 kg/hm2 ＋P2O5 690 kg/hm2 ＋ K2O 1 650 kg/hm2 , tomato achieved maximum production, which was 1.31 ;〈 10^5 kg/hm2 , and water use efficiency was 51.98 kg/m3 , yield and WUE were improved by 13.34% and 122.42% compared with fur- row irrigation.

关 键 词：番茄 水肥耦合 光合 产量 干物质 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]