猪源多杀性巴氏杆菌的病原流行病学及其毒力特性  

Prevalence and virulence of Pasteurella multocida in pig farms in central China

作　　者：席晓剑 赵战勤[1] 薛云[2] 龙塔[1] 王乐[1] 刘会胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学动物科技学院微生物基因工程实验室,河南洛阳471003 [2]河南科技大学医学技术与工程学院微生物检验实验室,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2015年第8期1205-1210,共6页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31302106);河南省科技攻关计划资助项目(132300410279)

摘　　要：2009-2013年间,采用病原菌的形态学观察、生化鉴定和PCR鉴定,从河南及其周边省份1 914份有肺炎等症状猪的肺脏等病料组织中分离鉴定出142株多杀性巴氏杆菌（总分离率为7.4%）,其中A型69株,占48.6%;D型70株,占49.3%;3株不能定型;没有发现B、E和F型。2009-2013年间,多杀性巴氏杆菌不同年份的分离率为6.0%～10.6%,其中2012年显著偏高（P〈0.01）。另外发现其分离率具有明显的季节性,其中6和12月份最高。多杀性巴氏杆菌最常见的共感染菌依次是链球菌（50.5%）、副猪嗜血杆菌（41.1%）、大肠杆菌（29.5%）、支气管败血波氏杆菌（14.7%）和沙门菌（10.5%）。小鼠毒力试验结果表明,多杀性巴氏杆菌血清A型菌株毒力普遍较强,而D型毒力普遍较弱。但是,A型菌株也有毒力较弱的菌株,另外,在D型菌株中发现了一株毒力很弱的菌株PM-18,其LD50在4.8×107 CFU以上,该菌株是否能作为天然弱毒疫苗菌株值得进一步研究。One hundred forty two Pasteurella multocida strains were isolated from 1 914 lesion lungs of pigs with clinical signs of pneumonia meanwhile different concurrent infection bacteria species were also separated from the same samples.These microorganisms were further confirmed by corresponding specific biochemistry assay and polymerase chain reaction（PCR）.P.multocidaisolates of capsular type A were obtained from 69cases（48.6%）,and capsular type D strains were isolated from 70cases（49.3%）,whereas 3isolates were untypeable.Capsular types B,E and F were not detected in sampled population.The isolation ratios ranged from 6.0% to 10.6%in the different year.Also,there were significant influences of sampling month on bacterial isolation（P〈0.01）.The average isolation ratio from 2009 to 2013was 7.4%.The isolation ratios of identified co-infection bacterial species were 50.5%,41.1%,29.5%,14.7% and 10.5% for Streptococcus,Haemophillus parasuis,Escherichia coli,Bordetella bronchiseptica and Salmonella,respectively.Most capsular type A strains were highly virulent in BALB/c mice,but most capsular type D strains were moderate virulent.Simultaneously,we found one strain of PM-18 was very low virulent with the LD50 of 4.8×107CFU in BALB/c mice,indicating that it may be as an attenuate vaccine strain.

关 键 词：猪 多杀性巴氏杆菌 流行病学 协同感染 毒力 

分 类 号：S852.61[农业科学—基础兽医学] R535[农业科学—兽医学]