仿生集束螺旋槽干式气体密封特性的数值分析  

Numerical Analysis of Characteristics of a Bionic Cluster Spiral Groove Dry Gas Seal

作　　者：江锦波[1] 彭旭东[1] 白少先[1] 李纪云[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学过程装备及其再制造教育部工程研究中心,杭州310014

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2015年第15期20-26,共7页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51275473);浙江省自然科学重点基金(LZ15E050002);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划;2014CB046404)资助项目

摘　　要：基于耦合仿生学原理,提出一种仿生集束螺旋槽端面干气密封结构以解决普通单向螺旋槽干气密封在高速条件下存在的泄漏率高、稳定性欠佳等问题。基于气体润滑理论,建立仿生集束螺旋槽的端面几何模型和数学模型,数值模拟分析槽宽比、螺旋角、微槽数及阶梯槽深比对动压开启力增长率、轴向气膜刚度、角向气膜刚度和刚漏比等密封特性参数的影响规律,给出仿生集束螺旋槽主要结构参数的优选值范围。结果表明:在高速低压条件下,相比于普通单向螺旋槽干气密封,仿生集束螺旋槽干气密封的密封性和稳定性等密封性能都有显著改善,其动压开启力增长率、轴向气膜刚度和刚漏比的增幅均超过20%。结果证明基于飞鸟翼翅的端面型槽仿生设计可以显著改善普通单向螺旋槽干气密封在高速条件下的运行稳定性,为相关工程选型与开发设计提供参考。A new type of bionic cluster spiral groove dry gas seal is introduced to solve the problems of poor operation stability and high leakage of common unidirectional spiral groove dry gas seal when it operate at high speed based on the coupling bionic theory. Geometric model and mathematical model of bionic cluster spiral groove face are set up according to the theory of gas lubrication, and a series of simulations are carried out to analyze the influence of groove width ratio, spiral angle, microgroove number and step groove depth ratio on sealing performance, such as increase ratio of hydrodynamic open force, axial film stiffness and stiffness-leakage ratio, the optimization of the main geometric parameters of bionic cluster spiral groove is demonstrated. Numerical results show that sealing performance and operation stability of bionic cluster spiral groove dry gas seal are much better compared to common unidirectional spiral groove dry gas seal at high speed and low pressure, the growing rate of increase ratio of hydrodynamic open force, axial film stiffness and stiffness-leakage ratio are more than 20% in detail. It demonstrates that the bionic design of face groove based on bird wing could significantly improve the operation stability of common unidirectional spiral groove dry gas seal, which can provide a reference for the design and model selection in engineering.

关 键 词：仿生设计 干气密封 集束螺旋槽 收敛构形 

分 类 号：TH117[机械工程—机械设计及理论]